[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-160451-en":3,"doc-seo-160451-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},160451,962085662650,"Dozel","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","Standardized Tests as Predictors of Success in Health Professions Education - a Scoping Review","Standardized examinations were developed to assess academic aptitude and reduce bias in college admissions, yet their predictive validity in doctoral health professions education remains insufficiently examined. A scoping review was conducted to map evidence regarding how standardized tests forecast student success in doctoral programs across the United States and Canada. Screening 323 titles and abstracts identified 15 full-text studies. Findings show conflicting results, highlighting the need for further, more rigorous research and clearer understanding of test-based prediction in this context.","PEER REVIEWED  \nStandardized Tests as Predictors of  \nSuccess\u003Cbr>in Health Professions Education: a Scoping Review  \nNaida Jakirlic, OD, FAAO, Caroline Ooley, OD, FAAO, and Elizabeth Hoppe, OD, MPH, DrPH, FAAO  \nAbstract  \nStandardized examinations were created to evaluate student academic aptitude and eliminate bias from college admissions. The validity of standardized examinations in predicting student success in doctoral health professions education has been minimally explored. A scoping review was conducted to determine what is known about the predictive value of standardized tests in doctoral health professions education in the United States and Canada. A total of 323 titles and abstracts were reviewed for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fifteen full-text articles were ultimately chosen for inclusion in this study. The results indicate conflicting data and underscore the necessity for further research in this area.  \nKey Words: doctoral health profession, standardized exam, academic success  \nBackground  \nStandardized testing is used as a formal assessment of academic ability in order to predict student success in higher education at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Standardized tests differ from in-class assessments of knowledge because they are administered in a controlled environment, thus allowing for comparison of student performance that is presumably independent of socioeconomic status (SES), gender and race. Two supporting arguments for standardized testing assume that the standardization process eliminates potential for bias and that standardized tests can accurately assess students’ intellectual ability.1  \nThe first large-scale standardized tests were administered in 1901 by the College Entrance Examination Board, which is known today as the College Board.2,3 One reason for creating and administering the tests was to reduce the volume and variety of pre-matriculation exams required by each undergraduate institution.2,3 Due to a national push to mandate aptitude tests for college admission, the College Board administered the first Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) in 1926 to thousands of students.2,3 In 1959, the American College Testing Company administered the ACT for the first time.2,3 Shortly after the first administration of the SAT, American graduate institutions followed suit. The first Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) was given in 1928, the first Graduate Record Examination (GRE) in 1949, and the first Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) was given in 1948.2,4 The first Optometry College Admission Test (OCAT) was developed in 1971 by the Psychological Corporation under the sponsorship of the Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry and was administered for the first time in the fall of 1972.5  \nDespite attempts to eliminate bias from standardized examinations, many in academia argue that requiring standardized exams for admission into undergraduate and graduate programs significantly  \ndisadvantages students of female gender and lower SES and those in under-represented minority (URM) groups. Miller and Stassun argue that requiring the GRE significantly decreases the opportunities for women, URM students and lower SES students to enter the science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) professions.4 They point out that the Educational Testing Service, which administers the GRE, publicizes that women score 80 points lower in the physical sciences than men, and African Americans score 200 points below white test-takers on the exam.4  \nMoneta and Koehler report that students with low SES perform worse on standardized exams, possibly due to lack of access to academic preparation and lack of funds to pay for exam retakes if the first score is low.6 Nankervis argues that the SAT underestimates future success of female test-takers because males average 35 points higher than females in the mathematics section.7 In another publication, Wilson discusses a study demonstrating that metrics-base","cbCaimWCnUI6SWww","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimWCnUI6SWww","pdf",64721,2,1,10,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Background\n## Rationale for standardized testing\n## Early development of major exams\n## Arguments about bias in standardized admissions\n## Evidence on predictive validity for graduate success","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of the scoping review?\",\"answer\":\"To determine what is known about the predictive value of standardized tests in doctoral health professions education in the United States and Canada.\"},{\"question\":\"How many studies were included in the review?\",\"answer\":\"A total of 323 titles and abstracts were screened, and 15 full-text articles were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results suggest about standardized tests as predictors?\",\"answer\":\"The evidence shows conflicting data, indicating that standardized tests do not consistently and accurately predict success across outcomes in doctoral health professions education.\"}]","Standardized Tests as Predictors of Success in Health Professions Education - a Scoping Review | PDF",1788063661,25,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":29},"standardized-tests-as-predictors-of-success-in-health-professions-education-a-scoping-review","",{"@graph":37,"@context":86},[38,54,69],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,48,51],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/standardized-tests-as-predictors-of-success-in-health-professions-education-a-scoping-review/160451/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":42,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-04","2026-08-30",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What was the purpose of the scoping review?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"To determine what is known about the predictive value of standardized tests in doctoral health professions education in the United States and Canada.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How many studies were included in the review?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"A total of 323 titles and abstracts were screened, and 15 full-text articles were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What do the results suggest about standardized tests as predictors?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"The evidence shows conflicting data, indicating that standardized tests do not consistently and accurately predict success across outcomes in doctoral health professions education.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":88,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":90,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":93},[94,98,102,106,111,116,121,124,129,132,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":99,"show_sort_weight":100,"slug":101},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},30,"research-report",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":128},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":131},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":134},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]