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vocabulary.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What role do pressure and identity play in forming new vocabularies?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Interlingual influence is linked to linguistic pressure that goes beyond understanding and involves identity and identification, which helps explain how mediating bilingual groups can emerge and reshape language use.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},492510,1791110482,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & 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Vocabulary in a New Variety of English  \nSiromi Fernando  \nRetired Professor of English University of Colombo  \nKey Words: New Englishes, Sri Lankan English, Vocabulary  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nWhen any language is carried away from its country of origin, the language often develops into anew variety in order to express the new geo-socio-cultural phenomena and concepts it encounters in its new environment. It is sometimes used by a section of the original population, but at other times together with a new population, or by the new population alone. With the spread of English to other continents and countries from about the eighteenth century onwards (See Baugh 1935 : 348-350), the English language developed into new varieties (Mencken 1919, Baker 1945, Passé 1943, 1948, 1955, de Souza 1969, Chitra Fernando 1977, Kandiah 1979, 1981, etc., Kachru 1982, 1983, 1986 etc., Foley 1988, etc.) .  \nAs Braj B. Kachru (1986:129-131) explains, the new varieties became \"transplanted languages\". Kachru defines a transplanted language as follows :  \nA language may be considered transplanted if it is used by a significant number of speakers in social, cultural and geographical contexts different from the contexts in which it was originally used.  \n…….a transplanted language is cut off from its traditional roots and begins to function in new surroundings, in new roles and new contexts. This newness initiates changes in language. It is these changes which eventually result in certain characteristic linguistic manifestations and are identified with labels such as the\"Australianness\" in one variety, the \"Americanness\" in another variety, or the \"Indianness\" in still another variety of English (130).  \nThese changes led to a gradual recognition of separate language identities, and since then, new varieties of English have been increasingly acknowledged, e.g. American English,Australian English, Indian English, Nigerian English, Black English, Chicano English, Singaporean English, Sri Lankan English (SLE) . One of the main devices that are used to  \nJournal of Humanities & Social Sciences  \nVolume 7 / 8 2011/ 2012  \nexpress the different feelings and concepts of the users in the new variety is new vocabulary. This article will discuss Sri Lankan English (SLE) Vocabulary, a new vocabulary in the new variety of English, Sri Lankan English (SLE) .  \nEnglish was introduced in Sri Lanka (earlier Ceylon) from 1796 and has developed over two centuries into the new variety called Ceylon, Lankan or Sri Lankan English (Passé 1943, 1948, 1955, Halverson 1966, de Souza 1969, 1979, Chitra Fernando 1977, Kandiah 1965, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1984, 1987a, 1987b, 1990, 1994, Raheem & Fernando 1978, Siromi Fernando 1985, 2008b, 2010b, 2010c, Raheem & Gunesekera 1994, Parakrama 1995, Canagarajah 1995, Gunesekera 1998, 2000a, 2000b, 2005, Herat 2001, 2005, Raheem 2006, Raheem & Devendra 2007, Mukherjee 2008). Sri Lankan English (SLE) vocabulary, i.e. that part of the English vocabulary which is characteristically Sri Lankan, has expanded since inception and the objectives of this article are to focus on why and how SLE vocabulary developed, the particular fields in which it developed and the strategies that are used to generate it.  \nSome of the characteristically SLE vocabulary has been recorded in British dictionaries such as the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) drawn from as early as Robert Knox's writings in the 1680s (See Boyle 2004). I will refer in this article to items that appear later in the language. SLE vocabulary has been discussed by many Sri Lankan researchers, beginning with Passé 1948, 1950, 1955, and since then by de Souza 1969, Kandiah 1979, 1981, Siromi Fernando 2003, 2008a, 2010a, Gunesekera 2001 reprinted in 2010, 2002, 2005, Herat 2005a, 2005b etc. as well as by two non-Sri Lankans, Halverson 1966 and Meyler 2007. Gunesekera has included a","cbCaitS1uMArXaAd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitS1uMArXaAd","pdf",186118,"English","# Introduction\n## Why new vocabularies are generated in new varieties\n## Development of SLE vocabulary\n## Strategies and effects on SLE vocabulary","[{\"question\":\"What does the article aim to explain about SLE vocabulary?\",\"answer\":\"The article focuses on why and how Sri Lankan English (SLE) vocabulary developed, the particular fields it developed in, and the strategies used to generate it.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the spread of English relate to the emergence of new vocabularies?\",\"answer\":\"When English is carried away from its origin, it develops into new varieties to express new geo-socio-cultural concepts, leading to changes that produce characteristic linguistic manifestations, including new vocabulary.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do pressure and identity play in forming new vocabularies?\",\"answer\":\"Interlingual influence is linked to linguistic pressure that goes beyond understanding and involves identity and identification, which helps explain how mediating bilingual groups can emerge and reshape language use.\"}]","Sri Lankan English (SLE) Vocabulary: A New Vocabulary in a New Variety of English | PDF",1790864849,31]