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It introduces MS-Excel as a spreadsheet application, then describes the Excel 2007 interface, workbooks and worksheets, and how sheets become active. 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Relative references change when copied, absolute references stay fixed with dollar signs, and mixed references keep either the row or column constant.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},289133,1789634609,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":29,"category_name":30,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":21,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":144},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","# SPREADSHEET\n\n2  \n12127CHO2  \n## Learning Objectives\n\nIntroduction  \nAfter studying this chapter you will beable tounderstand:  \nA spreadsheet is a configuration of rows andcolumns.Rows are horizontal vectors whilecolumns are vertical vectors.A spreadsheet is alsoknown as a worksheet.It is used to record,calculate and compare numerical or financial data.Each value can either be an independent (i.e.basic)value or it may be derived on the basis of values ofother variables.The derived value is the outcomeof an arithmetic expression and/or a function(i.e.a formula).  \n·Concept of Spreadsheet and itsfeatures.  \n·How to use aSpreadsheet.  \nSpreadsheet application (sometimes referred tosimply as spreadsheet)is a computer program thatallows us to add (i.e.enter)and process data.Weshall understand spreadsheet with the help ofMS-Excel (or simply,Excel),which is one of theMicrosoft Office Suite of software.  \nFigure 2.1  \nThe current version of Excel is Excel 2007 andhas a completely redesigned user interface.TheExcel 2007 is now designed with a series ofhorizontal tabs known as “Ribbon”(Figure 2.1).These tool bars are changed using tabs at the top.This layout is very easy to use than the previous  \nversions of Excel.On clicking with left button of mouse at“Office Button”B;we will be able to open an old workbook or createa new one or can save the workbook or can print which were earlieravailable in previous version of Excel in File menu.  \n## 2.1 BASIC CONCEPTS OF SPREADSHEET\n\nA file in Excel is known as a “Workbook”.A workbook is a collection ofa number of “Worksheets”(Figure 2.2).By default,three sheets,namelySheet 1,Sheet 2,and Sheet 3 are available to users.At a time,onlyone worksheet can be made as “Active Worksheet”and that worksheetis available to a user for carrying out operations.An active worksheet'sname will be shown in bold letters in the“Sheet Tab”at the bottom leftof the screen.Additional sheets can be added,if required,by clicking  \non the icon (whichworks as Insert!Worksheet).  \nThe Sheet names can bechanged,if required,by right-clicking the mouse over the Sheet1or Sheet 2 or Sheet 3 after selectingand pointing it on the sheet name(which is to be changed)and selec-ting “Rename”option.  \n## Box 2.1Basic and Derived Values\n\nIf quantity(Q)of an item ispurchased at a price (P),the valueof that item(V)is derived asfollows:  \nV=Q×P  \nHere,the values P and Q areBasic Values.While V is theDerived Value as it is obtainedby multiplying Q with P.Theexpression(Q×P)is called asarithmetic expression.Addi-tional examples of arithmeticexpressions are given later in thischapter:  \nNote:In general,an arithmeticexpression may contain one ormore functions.  \nFigure 2.2  \nSpreadsheet  \nRows are numbered numericallyfrom top to bottom while Columnsare referred by alpha charactersfrom left to right.In Excel 2007,there are 65536 Rows which arenumbered as 1,2,3,...65,536.Thesenumbers are shown on the left mostportion of the worksheet.Columns(total 256 in Excel)are identifiedby letters,such as A,B,C..AA...IV,and are shown on the horizontalbox just above Row 1.Thus,thereare 65,536x 256 =1,65,00,000,  \nHome InsertPage LayoutFormulasfx∑AutoSum·食Lookup &ReferenceMath &TigQefine Name…Function Library  \nFigure 2.3  \napproximately cells,which is indeed a huge work area,sufficient forall application requirements(Figure 2.3)in one sheet.  \nIn a spreadsheet,a value or function or an arithmetic expression isrecorded in a cell.The intersection of a row and a column is called acell.A cell is identified by a combination of a letter and a numbercorresponding to a particular location within the spreadsheet.Forexample,the first cell of a worksheet is identified as A1 as it shown inFigure 2.2 at row 1 and column (A).When we start Excel,the pointer(cursor)points to the first cell,i.e.Al,and this cell is called the ActiveCell.We can move around a worksheet through four arrow keys (i.e.left,right,up,down as shown in Figure 2.4).For example,the cellhaving address as G8","cbCaiafMTbKfdsM4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiafMTbKfdsM4","pdf",9379661,"English","# Learning Objectives\n# 2.1 Basic Concepts of Spreadsheet\n## Box 2.1 Basic and Derived Values","[{\"question\":\"What is a spreadsheet and what is it used for?\",\"answer\":\"A spreadsheet is organized data in rows and columns. It is used to record, calculate, and compare numerical or financial information.\"},{\"question\":\"What are basic values and derived values in spreadsheet calculations?\",\"answer\":\"Basic values are inputs such as quantity (Q) and price (P). Derived values, like V=Q×P, are outcomes obtained from arithmetic expressions and/or functions.\"},{\"question\":\"How do cell references work in Excel formulas?\",\"answer\":\"Cell references identify locations and ranges used in formulas and commands. Relative references change when copied, absolute references stay fixed with dollar signs, and mixed references keep either the row or column constant.\"}]","SPREADSHEET - Introduction - Learning Objectives - Basic Concepts | PDF",176]