[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-detail-595973-en":59,"doc-seo-595973-105":81},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":60},{"doc_id":61,"user_id":62,"nickname":63,"user_avatar":64,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":67,"file_id":68,"file_url":69,"file_type":70,"file_size":71,"view_count":72,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":73,"language_code":74,"site_id":75,"html_lang":74,"table_of_contents":76,"faqs":77,"seo_title":78,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":79,"read_time":80},595973,5909892332657,"Anna Hans","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","SPOTLIGHT ON UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP - A focus on Women and Computer Science","A forecast of future ICT jobs contrasts with the persistent underrepresentation of women in computer science. The gender gap is linked to stereotyping and limited interest, encouragement, exposure, confidence, and role models, many of which are considered actionable. Advocacy for closing the gap highlights male dominance in the field, low female participation in advanced placement computer science, and workforce and innovation consequences of excluding women.","SPOTLIGHT ON UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP  \nWomen and Computer Science  \nEleni Galatsanou  \nAbstract  \nA plethora of jobs for information and communication technology professionals is predicted for the future, and female students outnumber male students in tertiary education. Nevertheless, women are significantly underrepresented in the computer science field. Stereotyping and lack of interest, encouragement, exposure, confidence, and role models are some of the factors contributing to this gender gap issue. However, most factors are actionable and these actions need to be taken to ensure the 21st century’s advanced technological world does not miss out, for our society’s benefit, on women’s perspectives and innovative technological contributions.  \nIn recent years, there has been increasing advocacy regarding the importance of computer science (CS) and coding in our society. Due to the prevalence of computers and their application in our daily lives, and also the high demand for Information Communication and Technology (ICT) professionals – over 180,000 by 2019 in Canada (ICTC, 2016) and 1.4 million by 2020 in the U.S.A. ([https://girlswhocode.com/](https://girlswhocode.com/))– more people, children included, have been encouraged to get involved in the CS field. At the same time , another current movement is shedding light on a deeper issue: the CS field is male dominated. The Women in Computer Science movement advocates the importance of closing the gender gap in technology. Examples of organizations helping in this direction are [https://girlswhocode.com](https://girlswhocode.com) , [http://ladieslearningcode.com/](http://ladieslearningcode.com/) , [http://sheplusplus.org/](http://sheplusplus.org/) , [http://code.likeagirl.io/](http://code.likeagirl.io/), and  \n[http://railsgirls.com/](http://railsgirls.com/) .  \nFemale university participation has increased significantly, even in areas previously dominated by man, such as law and medicine. However, they still remain underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematical (STEM) degrees (Hango, 2013) . Even among the STEM graduates in Canada, Statistics Canada found that women accounted for about 30% of the mathematics and computer science graduates (Hango, 2013) . In 2010, in the age group of 25 to 34 years, two-thirds of young women versus half of young men had attained a tertiary degree (OECD, 2012) . By 2025, providing that the same trend continues, there will bea ratio of two to one, female to male students, in tertiary education in Canada (OECD, 2012) . However, this is not occurring in the technology field despite the anticipated plethora of jobs in the future. These trends are not occurring just in Canada; the National Science Board’s“Science and Engineering Indicators for 2012” are reporting similar women representation numbers for the US (Google, 2014) . OECD (2015a) reported that in 2012 only 20% of CS graduates were female, a decrease from 23% in 2000. CS is the only subject area decreasing in female participation since then.  \nAt the high school level, according to the College Board (2016), 13,506 (23 .3%) female students compared to 44,431 (76 .7%) male students took the Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science exam in 2016. This participation rate is significantly low, especially when the overall participation rate for all AP courses (56 .3% female versus 43.7% male) is considered. Although the percentage of female students taking the AP computer science exam is increasing (18 .7% in 2013 to 23.3% in 2016), there is still a long way to fully close the gender gap. Locally, at Brandon University, through the years 2011-2016 only three female students graduated with a major in computer science, representing 10.7% of all computer science graduates. Over the same years, no females graduated with a minor in computer science (Brandon University, 2017) .  \nClearly, women are significantly underrepresented in the CS field (Diekman, Brown, Johnston, & Clark","cbCaigxBZ6Xf27Zu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigxBZ6Xf27Zu","pdf",237199,3,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n## Predictive ICT job demand and gender imbalance\n## Advocacy and role models through Women in Computer Science\n## Evidence from tertiary, STEM, and AP Computer Science participation\n## Consequences: labor supply, outcomes, innovation, and talent loss","[{\"question\":\"What factors contribute to the underrepresentation of women in computer science?\",\"answer\":\"The text cites stereotyping and lack of interest, encouragement, exposure, confidence, and role models as contributors to the gender gap.\"},{\"question\":\"How does female participation in computer science compare with expectations from broader education trends?\",\"answer\":\"While female university participation has increased in some fields, women remain underrepresented in STEM and in computer science in particular, including a drop in the share of female CS graduates over time.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the gender gap in computer science matter beyond representation?\",\"answer\":\"The document links underrepresentation to labor supply shortages and weaker innovation outcomes, arguing that excluding women reduces workforce diversity, product improvements for diverse users, and increases the risk of talent loss.\"}]","SPOTLIGHT ON UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP - A focus on Women and Computer Science | PDF",1792082212,15,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"ok",{"site_id":75,"language":74,"slug":84,"title":65,"keywords":85,"description":66,"schema_data":86,"social_meta":139,"head_meta":141,"extra_data":143,"updated_unix":144},"spotlight-on-undergraduate-scholarship-a-focus-on-women-and-computer-science","",{"@graph":87,"@context":138},[88,101,121],{"@type":89,"itemListElement":90},"BreadcrumbList",[91,95,97,99],{"item":92,"name":93,"@type":94,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":96,"name":9,"@type":94,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":98,"name":40,"@type":94,"position":72},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",{"item":100,"name":65,"@type":94,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/spotlight-on-undergraduate-scholarship-a-focus-on-women-and-computer-science/595973/",{"url":100,"name":65,"@type":102,"image":103,"author":108,"headline":65,"publisher":110,"fileFormat":113,"inLanguage":74,"description":66,"dateModified":114,"datePublished":115,"encodingFormat":113,"isAccessibleForFree":116,"interactionStatistic":117},"DigitalDocument",{"url":104,"@type":105,"width":106,"height":107},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/spotlight-on-undergraduate-scholarship-a-focus-on-women-and-computer-science/595973.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":109},"Person",{"url":92,"name":111,"@type":112},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":118,"interactionType":119,"userInteractionCount":72},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":120},"ViewAction",{"@type":122,"mainEntity":123},"FAQPage",[124,130,134],{"name":125,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":127},"What factors contribute to the underrepresentation of women in computer science?","Question",{"text":128,"@type":129},"The text cites stereotyping and lack of interest, encouragement, exposure, confidence, and role models as contributors to the gender gap.","Answer",{"name":131,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":132},"How does female participation in computer science compare with expectations from broader education trends?",{"text":133,"@type":129},"While female university participation has increased in some fields, women remain underrepresented in STEM and in computer science in particular, including a drop in the share of female CS graduates over time.",{"name":135,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":136},"Why does the gender gap in computer science matter beyond representation?",{"text":137,"@type":129},"The document links underrepresentation to labor supply shortages and weaker innovation outcomes, arguing that excluding women reduces workforce diversity, product improvements for diverse users, and increases the risk of talent loss.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":100,"og:type":140,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":111,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":142,"canonical":100},"index,follow",{"doc_id":61,"site_id":75},1792736608]