[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-127190-en":3,"doc-seo-127190-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},127190,549768072016,"River Wang","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Speeding up Explorative BPM with Lightweight IT - the Case of Machine Learning","Modern companies need to rapidly explore how digital technologies enable process innovation, including embedded Machine Learning (ML) that can augment or automate decisions. BPM research proposes lightweight IT as a way to support digital process innovation, yet prior studies disagree on whether ML should be treated as lightweight or heavyweight IT. This study answers how lightweight IT contributes to explorative BPM for embedded ML by analyzing four action cases from a large Danish manufacturer. Results show lightweight ML speeds up opportunity assessment and technical implementation, reducing innovation latency, and depends on loose coupling plus extensive reuse of building blocks.","Aalborg Universitet  \nSpeeding up Explorative BPM with Lightweight IT  \nthe Case of Machine Learning  \nBojer, Casper Solheim; Bygstad, Bendik; Øvrelid, Egil  \nPublished in:  \nInformation Systems Frontiers  \nDOI (link to publication from Publisher):  \n10.1007/s10796-024-10474-1  \nCreative Commons License  \nCC BY 4.0  \nPublication date: 2025  \nDocument Version  \nPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of record  \nLink to publication from Aalborg University  \nCitation for published version (APA):  \nBojer, C. S. , Bygstad, B. , & Øvrelid, E. (2025) . Speeding up Explorative BPM with Lightweight IT: the Case of Machine Learning. Information Systems Frontiers, 27(2), 823-840 . [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-024-10474-1](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-024-10474-1)  \nGeneral rights  \nCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.  \n-Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.  \n-You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain  \n-You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal  \nTake down policy  \nIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [us at vbn@aub.aau.dk](us at vbn@aub.aau.dk) providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.  \nDownloaded from [vbn.aau.dk](vbn.aau.dk) on: August 05, 2026  \nSpeeding up Explorative BPM with Lightweight IT: the Case of Machine Learning  \nCasper Solheim Bojer1 · Bendik Bygstad2 · Egil Øvrelid2  \nAccepted: 31 January 2024 / Published online: 14 February 2024 © The Author(s) 2024  \nAbstract  \nIn the modern digital age, companies need to be able to quickly explore the process innovation affordances of digital technologies. This includes exploration of Machine Learning (ML), which when embedded in processes can augment or automate decisions. BPM research suggests using lightweight IT (Bygstad, Journal of Information Technology, 32(2), 180–193 2017) for digital process innovation, but existing research provides conflicting views on whether ML is lightweight or heavyweight. We therefore address the research question “How can Lightweight IT contribute to explorative BPM for embedded ML?”by analyzing four action cases from a large Danish manufacturer. We contribute to explorative BPM by showing that lightweight ML considerably speeds up opportunity assessment and technical implementation in the exploration process thus reducing process innovation latency. We furthermore show that succesful lightweight ML requires the presence of two enabling factors: 1) loose coupling of the IT infrastructure, and 2) extensive use of building blocks to reduce custom development.  \nKeywords Machine Learning · Explorative BPM · Digital Process Innovation · Lightweight IT · IT Infrastructure  \n1 Introduction  \nIn the current digital age, companies are faced with an evergrowing plethora of affordances for innovating and improving business processes in both incremental and radical ways. This situation of opportunity abundance has created the need for fast exploration of digital process affordances in addition to the traditional problem-solving focus on existing processes (Grisold et al. , 2019 ; Rosemann, 2014) . While much IS process innovation research predates the digital age, exploratory process innovation research has picked up in the BPM community in recent years under the term of Explorative BPM. Explorative BPM concerns opportunity rather than problem-driven process change with one key source of opportunities being those arising from new digital technologies (Grisold et al., 2019) . Explorative BPM research has so far focused on digital technologies at a","cbCaicF1P1RILIek","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicF1P1RILIek","pdf",1004634,1,19,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Explorative BPM and digital technology opportunities\n## Embedding Machine Learning in processes\n## Lightweight IT and research gaps","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the study address in explorative BPM with embedded Machine Learning?\",\"answer\":\"It examines how lightweight IT can support explorative BPM when ML is embedded in processes, despite conflicting prior views about whether ML is lightweight or heavyweight IT.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the study contribute to explorative BPM?\",\"answer\":\"It shows that lightweight ML significantly speeds up opportunity assessment and technical implementation during exploration, reducing process innovation latency.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors enable successful lightweight ML in the exploration process?\",\"answer\":\"Two enabling factors are identified: loose coupling of the IT infrastructure and extensive use of building blocks to reduce custom development.\"}]","Speeding up Explorative BPM with Lightweight IT - the Case of Machine Learning | PDF",1785937405,48,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"speeding-up-explorative-bpm-with-lightweight-it-the-case-of-machine-learning","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/speeding-up-explorative-bpm-with-lightweight-it-the-case-of-machine-learning/127190/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-05",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What problem does the study address in explorative BPM with embedded Machine Learning?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"It examines how lightweight IT can support explorative BPM when ML is embedded in processes, despite conflicting prior views about whether ML is lightweight or heavyweight IT.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"What does the study contribute to explorative BPM?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It shows that lightweight ML significantly speeds up opportunity assessment and technical implementation during exploration, reducing process innovation latency.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"Which factors enable successful lightweight ML in the exploration process?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Two enabling factors are identified: loose coupling of the IT infrastructure and extensive use of building blocks to reduce custom development.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":137},"General","general"]