[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-329783-105":59,"doc-detail-329783-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","speech-act-theory-dakshita-singh-revision-notes","SPEECH ACT THEORY - Dakshita Singh - Revision Notes","","Revision notes on Speech Act Theory in pragmatics explain how language is used not only to convey information but also to perform actions. The content traces origins from J. L. Austin’s How to Do Things With Words (1962) and further development by John Searle. It distinguishes locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts, provides a five-point classification of illocutionary functions, and outlines felicity conditions and direct versus indirect speech acts. Includes exam-style questions with answer options.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/speech-act-theory-dakshita-singh-revision-notes/329783/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/speech-act-theory-dakshita-singh-revision-notes/329783.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Quinn","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Locutionary acts are producing sounds, words, and sentences with literal meaning. Illocutionary acts are the intended action behind the utterance, while perlocutionary acts are the effects produced in the hearer.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What are the five illocutionary points in Speech Act Classification?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Assertives, commissives, directives, declaratives, and expressives. Each has a specific purpose, such as representing facts, committing the speaker, getting the hearer to act, changing the situation, or expressing feelings.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What are felicity conditions and what does infelicity mean?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Utterances need propositional, preparatory, sincerity, and essential conditions to succeed. Failure of these conditions results in infelicity, such as an insincere promise.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},329783,1791398782,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962075114765,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","SPEECH ACT  \nTHEORY  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH  \nA subfield of pragmatics that studies how language is used not just to present information,  \nbut also to perform actions.  \nOrigins:  \n• Introduced by J. L. Austin (Oxford philosopher) in How to Do Things With Words (1962).  \n• Developed further by John Searle (American philosopher) .  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH  \n•  \n.  \n• Locutionary acts – the act of producing sounds, words, sentences (literal meaning) .  \n• The content and structure of what is said.  \n• Includes vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation  \n• Illocutionary acts – the intended meaning/action behind the utterance.  \n• Perlocutionary acts – the effects produced in the hearer by the utterance.  \nExample: Saying \"Can you pass the salt?\"Locutionary: Asking about ability.  \nIllocutionary: Requesting the salt. Perlocutionary: Hearer passes the salt.  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH  \nJohn Searle  \nSpeech Act Classification: Five illocutionary points (functions of utterances) .  \n• Assertives  \n• Purpose: Represent how things are.  \n• Example: \"It is raining. \"  \n• Commissives  \n• Purpose: Commit speaker to a future action.  \n• Example: \"I promise to return your book. \"  \n• Directives  \n• Purpose: Get hearer to do something.  \n• Example: \"Please close the window. \"  \n• Declaratives  \n• Purpose: Change the external situation by utterance alone.  \n• Example: \"I now pronounce you husband and wife. \"  \n• Expressives  \n• Purpose: Express feelings/attitudes.  \n• Example: \"I’m sorry for your loss. \"  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH  \nFelicity Conditions  \nFor success, utterances need conditions (Searle/Austin):  \n• Propositional: Appropriate content.  \n• Preparatory: Context fits (authority, sincerity) .  \n• Sincerity: Genuine belief/desire.  \n• Essential: Counts as the act. Failure = \"infelicity\" (e.g., insincere promise) .  \nDirect vs. Indirect Acts  \n• Direct: Form matches force (question = \"?\") .  \n• Indirect: Implied (statement as request: \"It's cold\" = \"Close window\") . Relies on implicature/context.  \n•  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH  \nWhich of the Schools of Criticism has strongly opposed Formalism, in both its European and American Varieties, rejecting the view that there is a sharp and definable division between ordinary language and literary language:  \nA. Marxism  \nB. Reader Response Criticism  \nC. Speech–Act Theory  \nD. New Historicism  \nE. Postcolonialism  \nChoose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:  \n1.A, B and E Only  \n2.A, C and E Only  \n3.B, C and D Only  \n4.A, D and E Only  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH  \nWhich pair of linguists in the following list is associated with‘speech acts’?  \nA. Noam Chomsky and Steven Pinker  \nB. J.L. Austin and John Searle  \nC. Paul Grice and Michael Devitt  \nD. Franz Boas and Rudolf Carnap  \n(UGC NET Dec Shift 2, 2021)  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH  \nDAK SH ITA SINGH","cbCaieSjlXGNCKGi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieSjlXGNCKGi","pdf",1465489,14,"English","# Speech Act Theory\n## Origins\n## Types of Acts\n## Speech Act Classification\n## Felicity Conditions\n## Direct vs. Indirect Acts\n## Practice Questions","[{\"question\":\"What are locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts?\",\"answer\":\"Locutionary acts are producing sounds, words, and sentences with literal meaning. Illocutionary acts are the intended action behind the utterance, while perlocutionary acts are the effects produced in the hearer.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the five illocutionary points in Speech Act Classification?\",\"answer\":\"Assertives, commissives, directives, declaratives, and expressives. Each has a specific purpose, such as representing facts, committing the speaker, getting the hearer to act, changing the situation, or expressing feelings.\"},{\"question\":\"What are felicity conditions and what does infelicity mean?\",\"answer\":\"Utterances need propositional, preparatory, sincerity, and essential conditions to succeed. Failure of these conditions results in infelicity, such as an insincere promise.\"}]","SPEECH ACT THEORY - Dakshita Singh - Revision Notes | PDF",1789985618,35]