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Despite frequent high histological grade, some subtypes show relatively favorable prognosis. This review explains the radiological appearance of each special type, emphasizing practical insights and common pitfalls for breast 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does the term “special types” mean in breast cancer classification?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"“Special types” refers to breast cancers that lack sufficient features to be classified within the invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified subgroup.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How common are special types compared with invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST)?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Special types account for around 25% of breast cancer cases, while NST represents about 75–80% of breast cancers and includes most entities that do not meet criteria for special-type subgroups.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What is the purpose of this review paper?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The review aims to describe the clinical behavior and illustrate the radiological appearance of special breast cancer types, highlighting insights and pitfalls to support radiologists in routine 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Conti 1, Francesca Morciano 2, Silvia Amodeo 2, Elisabetta Gori 2, Giovanna Romanucci 3, *, Paolo Belli 1,2, Oscar Tommasini 4, Francesca Fornasa 3 and Rossella Rella 4  \nCitation: Conti, M.; Morciano, F.; Amodeo, S.; Gori, E.; Romanucci, G.; Belli, P.; Tommasini, O.; Fornasa, F.; Rella, R. Special Types of Breast Cancer: Clinical Behavior and Radiological Appearance. J. Imaging 2024, 10, 182. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/jimaging10080182](10.3390/jimaging10080182)  \nAcademic Editors: Gerardo Cazzato and Francesca Arezzo  \nReceived: 22 May 2024  \nRevised: 21 July 2024  \nAccepted: 23 July 2024  \nPublished: 29 July 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 UOC di Radiologia Toracica e Cardiovascolare, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini e Radioterapia Oncologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8,  \n00168 Rome, Italy; [marco.conti@policlinicogemelli.it](marco.conti@policlinicogemelli.it) (M.C.); [paolo.belli@policlinicogemelli.it](paolo.belli@policlinicogemelli.it) (P.B.)  \n2 Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; [francesca.morciano@hotmail.com](francesca.morciano@hotmail.com) (F.M.); [silvia.amodeo02@icatt.it](silvia.amodeo02@icatt.it) (S.A.); [elisabetta.gori01@icatt.it](elisabetta.gori01@icatt.it) (E.G.)  \n3 UOSD Breast Unit ULSS9, Ospedale di Marzana, Piazzale Lambranzi 1, 37142 Verona, Italy; [francesca.fornasa@aulss9.veneto.it](francesca.fornasa@aulss9.veneto.it)  \n4 UOC Diagnostica per Immagini, Dipartimento Emergenza e Accettazione, Ospedale G.B. Grassi, Via Gian Carlo Passeroni, 28, 00122 Rome, Italy; [oscar.tommasini@aslroma3.it](oscar.tommasini@aslroma3.it) (O.T.); [rossella.rella@aslroma3.it](rossella.rella@aslroma3.it) (R.R.)  \n* Correspondence: [giovanna.romanucci@aulss9.veneto.it](giovanna.romanucci@aulss9.veneto.it)  \nAbstract: Breast cancer is a complex disease that includes entities with different characteristics, behaviors, and responses to treatment. Breast cancers are categorized into subgroups based on histological type and grade, and these subgroups affect clinical presentation and oncological outcomes. The subgroup of “special types” encompasses all those breast cancers with insufficient features to belong to the subgroup “invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified”. These cancers account for around 25% of all cases, some of them having a relatively good prognosis despite high histological grade. The purpose of this paper is to review and illustrate the radiological appearance of each special type, highlighting insights and pitfalls to guide breast radiologists in their routine work.  \nKeywords: breast imaging; breast cancer; special types; invasive lobular carcinoma; conventional and advanced imaging  \n1. Introduction  \nBreast cancer (BC) encompasses a set of heterogeneous entities characterized by histological and biological peculiarities, each one with its own clinical behavior and response to treatment. BC is classified into several subgroups according to histological grade [1] and type [2] .  \nIn particular, the latter refers to the growth pattern of cancerous cells: the importance of this pathological difference is reflected in the distinctive clinical presentations and oncological outcomes of the different subtypes.  \nMost BCs (75–80%) are part of the so-called “invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST)” subgroup [3], a subgroup that encompasses all those entities that do not manifest sufficient feature","cbCaioPLHDUr5PyT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioPLHDUr5PyT","pdf",43006679,32,"English","# Introduction\n## Breast cancer heterogeneity and classification\n## Role of WHO tumor classification\n## Rationale and aims of the review","[{\"question\":\"What does the term “special types” mean in breast cancer classification?\",\"answer\":\"“Special types” refers to breast cancers that lack sufficient features to be classified within the invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified subgroup.\"},{\"question\":\"How common are special types compared with invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST)?\",\"answer\":\"Special types account for around 25% of breast cancer cases, while NST represents about 75–80% of breast cancers and includes most entities that do not meet criteria for special-type subgroups.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this review paper?\",\"answer\":\"The review aims to describe the clinical behavior and illustrate the radiological appearance of special breast cancer types, highlighting insights and pitfalls to support radiologists in routine practice.\"}]","Special Types of Breast Cancer - Clinical Behavior and Radiological Appearance | PDF",1790016327,81]