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It defines the purpose, scope, applicability to both nuclear and nonnuclear warfare, and how to submit changes and keyed comments by page, paragraph, and line. 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ARMYWASHINGTON,D.C.,18 September 1964  \nSPECIAL SURVEYS  \n# Paragrapha PageCHAPTER 1.INTRODUCTION-------------------------------------------------------1-33CHAPTER 2.UNDERGROUND SURVEYING\n\nSECTION I.Operations--------------------------------------------------------------4-106II.Equipment--------------------------------------------------------------11-229III.Leveling-…---------------------------------------------------------------23-2819IV.Distance measuring-------------------------------------------------------29,3023V.Angles and azimuth_-----------------------------------------------------31-4123VI.Shaft-plumbing and transfer of azimuth__---------------------------------.42-4827VII.Traverse----------------------------------------------------------------49-5534VIII.Topography-------------------------------------------------------------56-6236IX.Expedient methods_-------------------------------------------------------63-6839X.Problems,notes,and computations---------------------------------------…69-8842XI.Maps and models of underground passages_----------------------------89-10053CHAPTER 3.SURVEY SUPPORT FOR GEOLOGY AND PEDOLOGYSECTION I.Geology------------------------------------------101-10956II.Pedology-----------------------------------------------…--------110-11959CHAPTER 4.LAND SURVEYINGSECTIONI.Operations-------------------------------------------------------------120-12962II.Public lands  ------------------_--------------------·---…-----130-14966III.Field operations in surveys of public lands_--------------------------..150-16674IV.Surveys of private lands-------------------------------------------------167-174     81CHAPTER 5.HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYS  \nSECTION I.Operations-……-------------------------------…-------------175-18084II.Tidal observations…---    …---…----------------------------------…181-22186II.Streamflow and stream-gaging stations  ---------------------------------222-234110IV.Stream-gaging equipment_---------------------------------…   --235-247116V.Measurement of streamflow.------…-------------------------------------248-275124VI.Special hydrographic projects--------------------------  ----276280143VII.Subaqueous surveys.------…----  -------    ----…----.281-288145VIII.  Methods of taking and locating soundines289-298150-·--   ---\"--……-·……  ·IX.Equipment for sounding operations--------  -----…---·---…---299-306159X.Beach surveys      …--------------------------_--·207-309166CHAPTER 6.SHORE-SHIP TRIANGULATIONSECTIONI.Introduction..…-----…      --    -----     -……----..310-316    168II.Field reconnaissance       …---…------------      ……317,318   170II.Shore parties and target ship…-------  ---……-----……----….319-325     171l-U  UIV.Observation procedure.…------------------------------------…----.326-335    172  \n1  \nParagraphsPage  \nSECTION V. Field records……………………………………………………………………………………………………………336-339174  \nVI. Specif.cations………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………340-341176  \nVII. Computations and adjustments…………………………………………………………………………………342-345176  \nCHAPTER 7.MAGNETIC SURVEYS…………………………………………………………………………………………346-349181  \n8. ARCTIC SURVEYING…………………………………………………………………………………………………350-354183  \nAPPENDIX I. REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………185  \nAPPENDIX II. CONVERSION TABLES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………187  \nINDEX ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………188  \n## CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION\n\n1.Purpose and Scope  \nThis manual is a reference for engineer offi-cers and technicians responsible for the super-vision and conduct of special types of surveys,and describes the instruments and equipmentto perform them.Included are—underground,geology and pedology,public and private land,hydrographic,shore-ship,magnetic surveys,and Arctic surveys.  \na.Applicability.Information","cbCaivVoXyH2oSx5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivVoXyH2oSx5","pdf",43233426,200,"English","# CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION\n## 1. Purpose and Scope\n## 2. Special Surveys","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose and scope of this manual?\",\"answer\":\"It serves as a reference for engineer officers and technicians responsible for supervising and conducting special types of surveys, including the instruments and equipment needed to perform them.\"},{\"question\":\"Which types of surveys are covered?\",\"answer\":\"The manual includes underground, geology and pedology, public and private land, hydrographic, shore-ship, magnetic, and Arctic surveys.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the manual handle unit systems and updates?\",\"answer\":\"It explains that surveys may require either metric or English units depending on source material and available equipment, and it encourages users to submit recommended changes keyed to the specific page, paragraph, and line.\"}]","SPECIAL SURVEYS - CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION | PDF",504]