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The review synthesizes recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances, emphasizing improved diagnostic accuracy, identification of new therapeutic targets, characterization of tumor progression and metastasis, and evaluation of drug responses. It also highlights high-resolution tumor cell maps and the role of immunotherapy in linking tumor heterogeneity to clinical outcomes, informing clinical decision-making.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/spatial-transcriptomics-a-new-frontier-in-accurate-localization-of-breast-cancer-diagnosis-and-treatment/338338/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/spatial-transcriptomics-a-new-frontier-in-accurate-localization-of-breast-cancer-diagnosis-and-treatment/338338.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sage","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main role of spatial transcriptomics in breast cancer research?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Spatial transcriptomics reveals internal structural differences of tumors and the composition of the tumor microenvironment, offering a way to study spatial structure and cell interactions for more precise, personalized treatment.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the review connect tumor microenvironment and tumor heterogeneity to treatment outcomes?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It emphasizes that tumor microenvironment and tumor heterogeneity underlie clinical outcomes, and it discusses how spatial transcriptomics can elucidate these features and support clinical decision-making.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which areas does the article cover regarding diagnosis and treatment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It summarizes advances in diagnosing and treating breast cancer, including tumor microenvironment revelation, new therapeutic target identification, improved diagnostic accuracy, tumor progression and metastasis understanding, drug response assessment, and high-resolution mapping and representation of heterogeneity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},338338,1790619583,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},687197207057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","TYPE Review  \nPUBLISHED 08 October 2024  \nDOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1483595  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nRaquel Alarcon Rodriguez, University of Almeria, Spain  \nREVIEWED BY  \nYuquan Chen,  \nMonash University, Australia Zhijia Xia,  \nLudwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany  \nLanqian Su,  \nSouthwest Medical University, China  \n*CORRESPONDENCE  \nXiaofei Liu  \n [drliuxf@126.com](drliuxf@126.com)  \n†These authors have contributed equally to this work  \nRECEIVED 20 August 2024  \nACCEPTED 23 September 2024  \nPUBLISHED 08 October 2024  \nCITATION  \nZhang Y, Gong S and Liu X (2024) Spatial transcriptomics: a new frontier in accurate  \nlocalization of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.  \nFront. Immunol. 15:1483595 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1483595  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2024 Zhang, Gong and Liu. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nSpatial transcriptomics: a new frontier in accurate localization of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment  \nYang Zhang 1†, Shuhua Gong 2† and Xiaofei Liu 1*  \n1 Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Afﬁliated Hospital, Jinan, China, 2 Department of Student Affair, Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, China  \nBreast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in women globally. Its treatment and prognosis are sign iﬁcantly inﬂuenced by the tumor microenvironment and tumor heterogeneity. Precision therapy enhances treatment efﬁcacy, reduces unwanted side effects, and maximizes patients ’survival duration while improving their quality of life. Spatial transcriptomics is of signiﬁcant importance for the precise treatment of breast cancer, playing a critical role in revealing the internal structural differences of tumors and the composition of the tumor microenvironment. It offers a novel perspective in studying the spatial structure and cell interactions within tumors, facilitating more effective personalized treatments for breast cancer. This article will summarize the latest ﬁndings in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer from the perspective of spatial transcriptomics, focusing on the revelation of the tumor microenvironment, identiﬁcation of new therapeutic targets, enhancement of disease diagnostic accuracy, comprehension of tumor progression and metastasis, assessment of drug responses, creation of highresolution maps of tumor cells, representation of tumor heterogeneity, and support for clinical decision-making, particularly in elucidating the tumor microenvironment, tumor heterogeneity, immunotherapy and their correlation with clinical outcomes.  \nKEYWORDS  \nbreast cancer, spatial transcriptomics, tumor heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy  \n1 Introduction  \nThe therapeutic approach to breast cancer necessitates a personalized strategy that accounts for the patient’s unique proﬁle, encompassing the tumor’s biological attributes, genomic expression signatures, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, HER2 ampliﬁcation, tumor microenvironmental dynamics, the patient’s genetic predispositions,  \nFrontiers in Immunology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org)  \nand lifestyle factors (1) . Breast cancer is stratiﬁed into distinct molecular subtypes, including Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-positive, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), each exhibiting divergent responses to therapeutic interventions, thereby underscoring the imperative for tailored treatment modalities such as chemotherapy, hormonal therapies, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies (Figure 1) . Molecular subtyping also serves as a prognostic indic","cbCaieLbNbyUR3fE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieLbNbyUR3fE","pdf",1473063,"English","# Introduction\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"What is the main role of spatial transcriptomics in breast cancer research?\",\"answer\":\"Spatial transcriptomics reveals internal structural differences of tumors and the composition of the tumor microenvironment, offering a way to study spatial structure and cell interactions for more precise, personalized treatment.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the review connect tumor microenvironment and tumor heterogeneity to treatment outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"It emphasizes that tumor microenvironment and tumor heterogeneity underlie clinical outcomes, and it discusses how spatial transcriptomics can elucidate these features and support clinical decision-making.\"},{\"question\":\"Which areas does the article cover regarding diagnosis and treatment?\",\"answer\":\"It summarizes advances in diagnosing and treating breast cancer, including tumor microenvironment revelation, new therapeutic target identification, improved diagnostic accuracy, tumor progression and metastasis understanding, drug response assessment, and high-resolution mapping and representation of heterogeneity.\"}]","Spatial transcriptomics: a new frontier in accurate localization of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment | PDF",1790023122,23]