[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-344848-105":59,"doc-detail-344848-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","sox17pax8-dual-immunohistochemical-expression-in-the-diagnosis-of-mullerian-carcinomas","SOX17/PAX8 dual immunohistochemical expression in the diagnosis of Müllerian carcinomas","","Metastatic Müllerian carcinomas, including endometrial and ovarian adenocarcinomas, are difficult to diagnose because they can mimic other malignancies, lack sufficient clinical history, show multiorgan dissemination, and arise from small tumor specimens. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) supports cancer identification, with PAX8 widely used but variable in sensitivity. This study evaluates SOX17 and PAX8 co-expression to distinguish Müllerian origin from non-gynecologic metastatic tumors.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/sox17pax8-dual-immunohistochemical-expression-in-the-diagnosis-of-mullerian-carcinomas/344848/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/sox17pax8-dual-immunohistochemical-expression-in-the-diagnosis-of-mullerian-carcinomas/344848.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Olivia Brown","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"Why is diagnosing metastatic Müllerian carcinomas challenging?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Diagnosis is difficult due to morphological overlap with similar malignancies from other organs, limited clinical background history, multiorgan dissemination, and small tumor specimens.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"What is the diagnostic role of PAX8 and SOX17 in this study?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"PAX8 and SOX17 immunohistochemistry are used to evaluate co-expression patterns that help differentiate Müllerian carcinomas from non-gynecologic metastatic tumors.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"How do PAX8/SOX17 patterns help exclude non-gynecologic origin?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"The study reports that double-negative PAX8/SOX17 status completely excluded Müllerian origin in metastases from colorectal, breast, and pulmonary primary tumors, while renal and thyroid cases required additional markers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},344848,1790106100,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":142,"read_time":46},16904993612988,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Moustafa et al. Diagnostic Pathology (2026) 21:23  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-026-01746-2](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-026-01746-2)  \nDiagnostic Pathology  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nSOX17/PAX8 dual immunohistochemical expression in the diagnosis of Müllerian carcinomas  \nManar Moustafa1*, Marwa Ahmed Mohamed Abdalrahman2 and Heba Mahmoud Abdelgeleel1  \nAbstract  \nBackground Metastatic Müllerian carcinomas, including endometrial and ovarian adenocarcinomas, are challenging to diagnose due to factors like similar malignancies, insufficient clinical history, multiorgan dissemination, and small tumor specimens. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) stains are commonly used to identify these cancers. PAX8 is a widely used IHC marker with varying sensitivity levels for different types of gynecologic carcinomas. SOX17, a transcription factor involved in embryonic differentiation and development, has high specificity for ovarian and endometrial carcinomas but is weakly expressed in other epithelial neoplasms.  \nMethods . 56 endometrial carcinomas cases,56 ovarian cancer case and 56 cases of non-gynecological cancer, were subjected to immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of SOX17 and PAX8 .  \nResults In endometrial carcinomas, PAX8-high/SOX17-high co-expression strongly favored endometrioid histology (90% vs. 68. 8%, p = 0 . 04), while ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas commonly expressed PAX8 (78 . 9% high) with heterogeneous SOX17 expression (47.4% high). Notably, double-negative PAX8/SOX17 status completely excluded Müllerian origin in metastases from colorectal, breast, and pulmonary primary tumors (100% specificity), though renal (all PAX8+) and thyroid neoplasms (63 . 6% PAX8+) required additional markers for distinction. Statistical analyses confirmed subtype-specific trends (p \u003C 0.05 for all applicable comparisons) with loss of SOX17 associated with aggressive histotypes (25% negative in serous versus 10% in endometrioid) .  \nConclusions Müllerian carcinomas can be distinguished from non-gynecological metastases using PAX8 and SOX17 immunohistochemistry, with PAX8-high/SOX17-high patterns strongly indicating endometrioid differentiation and double-negative results excluding gynecologic origin with consistency in colorectal, breast, and pulmonary carcinomas. Renal and thyroid carcinomas are the diagnostic traps on the basis of PAX8 expression and require additional markers for final classification in metastatic workups.  \nKeywords SOX17, PAX8, Diagnosis, Müllerian carcinomas  \n*Correspondence:  \nManar Moustafa  \n[Moustafa_manar@yahoo.com](Moustafa_manar@yahoo.com); [mmahmd@medicine.zu.edu.eg](mmahmd@medicine.zu.edu.eg)[ ](mmahmd@medicine.zu.edu.eg)1Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 11837, Egypt  \n2Obstetrics and gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt  \n© The Author(s) 2026. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.)[.](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.)  \nMoustafa et al. Diagnostic Pathology (2026) 21:23  \nIntroduction  \nThe appropriate diagnosis of metastatic Müllerian carcinomas (endometrial and ovarian ad","cbCaikCOU4IgSkGW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikCOU4IgSkGW","pdf",1703358,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusions\n# Keywords\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"Why is diagnosing metastatic Müllerian carcinomas challenging?\",\"answer\":\"Diagnosis is difficult due to morphological overlap with similar malignancies from other organs, limited clinical background history, multiorgan dissemination, and small tumor specimens.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the diagnostic role of PAX8 and SOX17 in this study?\",\"answer\":\"PAX8 and SOX17 immunohistochemistry are used to evaluate co-expression patterns that help differentiate Müllerian carcinomas from non-gynecologic metastatic tumors.\"},{\"question\":\"How do PAX8/SOX17 patterns help exclude non-gynecologic origin?\",\"answer\":\"The study reports that double-negative PAX8/SOX17 status completely excluded Müllerian origin in metastases from colorectal, breast, and pulmonary primary tumors, while renal and thyroid cases required additional markers.\"}]","SOX17/PAX8 dual immunohistochemical expression in the diagnosis of Müllerian carcinomas | PDF",1790055456]