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Copyright attribution to BRE .  \nBRE National Solar Centre  \nSolar car parks  \nA guide for owners and developers  \nAuthor: Christopher Jackson Dip d’Ing, MPhil, Flexisolar Ltd Principal Editor: Gaynor Hartnell, Renewable Energy Association Secondary Editor: Jonny Williams, BRE National Solar Centre This document should be cited as: BRE (2016) Solar car parks: a guide for owners and developers. C Jackson and G Hartnell.  \nBRE National Solar Centre would like to thank colleagues from EvoEnergy, The Solar Cloth Company, SolarEdge, SunGift Energy and Ray Noble of the Renewable Energy Association for their significant contributions to the development of this guidance.  \nThis guide is endorsed by the Airport Operators Association, APSE, British Parking Association, Department of Health, Health Estate Facilities Management Association, Public Power Solutions and the Retail Energy Forum.  \nThanks also to those companies and individuals who provided case studies and to the NSC Founding Partners.  \nBRE National Solar Centre provides expert advice and training on solar carports and many other solar [related topics. See www.bre.co.uk/nsc](related topics. See www.bre.co.uk/nsc)[ ](related topics. See www.bre.co.uk/nsc)[for more information.](for more information.)  \nThe production of this publication was sponsored by Lark Energy and The Solar Cloth Company.  \nAny third-party URLs are given for information and reference purposes only and BRE does not control or warrant the accuracy, relevance, availability, timeliness or completeness of the information contained on any third-party website. Inclusion of any third-party details or website is not intended to reflect their importance, nor is it intended to endorse any views expressed, products or services offered, nor the companies or organisations in question. Any views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of BRE. BRE has made every effort to ensure that the information and guidance in this publication were accurate when published, but can take no responsibility for the subsequent use of this information, nor for any errors or omissions it may contain. To the extent permitted by law, BRE shall not be liable for any loss, damage or expense incurred by reliance on the information or any statement contained herein.  \nSolar car parks: a guide for owners and developers 1  \nContents  \n\n| Scope | 2 |\n| --- | --- |\n| Business case formation | 2 |\n| Modelling solar revenue streams | 2 |\n| Modelling non-solar revenue streams | 2 |\n| Electric vehicle (EV) charging | 2 |\n| Advertising | 3 |\n| Premium parking | 3 |\n| LED lighting | 3 |\n| CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme | 3 |\n| Brand value | 4 |\n| Customer footfall | 4 |\n| Funding models | 4 |\n| Public sector clients | 4 |\n| Private sector clients | 4 |\n| Financial modelling | 4 |\n| Site selection | 5 |\n| Car park layouts | 5 |\n| Other considerations | 5 |\n\nCarport design 6  \nSurface carpark and multi-storey carpark sites 6  \nFrame and roof types 6  \nT-frame structures 7  \nV-frame structures 7  \nPortal-frame Structures 7  \nMonopitch roof 8  \nDuopitch roof 8  \nMonopitch and duopitch comparative  \nperformance for PV systems 8  \nPV system roof integration 8  \nFoundation options 8  \nSolar PV panel options 9  \nMounting options 10  \nElectrical design options 10  \nInverter options 10  \nData and monitoring 10  \n\n| BREEAM implications on solar carports | 11 |\n| --- | --- |\n| Planning permissions | 11 |\n| Planning fee clarification | 11 |\n| Planning application | 11 |\n| Grid connection | 12 |\n| Carport regulation | 12 |\n| PV system standards | 12 |\n| Structure regulations | 12 |\n| Construction products regulations | 12 |\n| Wind loadings | 12 |\n| Impact from vehicles | 12 |\n| Design life | 12 |\n| Overhead glazing regulations | 12 |\n| Lighting regulations | 13 |\n| Drainage regulation | 13 |\n| Car park layout regulations | 13 |\n| Park Mark – the Safer Parking Scheme | 13 ","cbCaig6lsmrz6phq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaig6lsmrz6phq","pdf",7635219,"English","# Scope\n## Business case formation\n## Modelling solar revenue streams\n## Modelling non-solar revenue streams\n## Electric vehicle (EV) charging\n## Advertising\n## Premium parking\n## LED lighting\n## CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme\n## Brand value\n## Customer footfall\n## Funding models\n## Public sector clients\n## Private sector clients\n## Financial modelling\n## Site selection\n## Car park layouts\n## Other considerations\n# Carport design\n## Surface carpark and multi-storey carpark sites\n## Frame and roof types\n## T-frame structures\n## V-frame structures\n## Portal-frame Structures\n## Monopitch roof\n## Duopitch roof\n## PV system roof integration\n## Foundation options\n## Solar PV panel options\n## Mounting options\n## Electrical design options\n## Inverter options\n## Data and monitoring\n# BREEAM implications on solar carports\n## Planning permissions\n## Planning fee clarification\n## Planning application\n## Grid connection\n## Carport regulation\n## PV system standards\n## Structure regulations\n## Construction products regulations\n## Wind loadings\n## Impact from vehicles\n## Design life\n## Lighting regulations\n## Drainage regulation\n## Car park layout regulations\n## Park Mark – the Safer Parking Scheme\n## Procurement\n# Case studies","[{\"question\":\"Who is the guide intended for, and what does it aim to cover?\",\"answer\":\"The guide is aimed at purchasers and developers of solar carport systems. It provides key factors for site selection, carport design requirements, and business case formation, supported by indicative costings and an accompanying financial model.\"},{\"question\":\"Which revenue streams are addressed when forming the business case?\",\"answer\":\"It covers solar revenue streams and multiple non-solar streams including EV charging, advertising, premium parking, LED lighting benefits, the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme, brand value, and customer footfall. It also discusses funding models and how to express outputs such as revenue per bay per year.\"},{\"question\":\"What technical and regulatory areas does the guide cover after the overview?\",\"answer\":\"After scope and business case content, it details carport design options including structural frames, roof types, foundation and mounting choices, electrical and inverter options, and data/monitoring. It also includes BREEAM-related implications and topics like planning permissions, grid connection, standards, wind loading, vehicle impact, procurement, and typical timescales.\"}]","Solar car parks - a guide for owners and developers | PDF",1792799931]