[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-426247-105":59,"doc-detail-426247-en":134},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":127,"head_meta":129,"extra_data":131,"updated_unix":133},105,"en","social-integration-functional-independence-and-depressive-symptoms-long-term-effects-after-tbi-in-older-adults","SOCIAL INTEGRATION, FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE, AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS - LONG-TERM EFFECTS AFTER TBI IN OLDER ADULTS","","Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes lasting disability, especially among older adults, reshaping social integration, functional independence, and depressive symptoms. Research remains limited on how these factors influence one another over time in this population. This study uses TBIMS-NDB secondary data and structural equation modeling with cross-lagged analyses over 1, 2, and 5 years post-injury (n=2101) to test reciprocal directions, controlling covariates.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/social-integration-functional-independence-and-depressive-symptoms-long-term-effects-after-tbi-in-older-adults/426247/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/social-integration-functional-independence-and-depressive-symptoms-long-term-effects-after-tbi-in-older-adults/426247.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"eBook King","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-14","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What population does the study focus on, and why does it matter?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focuses on older adults after traumatic brain injury (TBI). It matters because TBI-related disabilities can disrupt social integration and functional independence and may contribute to depressive symptoms.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What dataset and analytic approach are used?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study uses secondary data from the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database (TBIMS-NDB). Structural equation modeling and cross-lagged analyses are applied to examine directionality across 1, 2, and 5 years post-injury.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What relationship did the study find between social integration and depressive symptoms?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Social integration was associated with improved functional independence but did not predict depressive symptoms in the analysis.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"How do functional independence and depressive symptoms relate over time?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Greater functional independence was linked to better social integration and fewer depressive symptoms. Higher depressive symptoms were associated with poorer functional independence, suggesting reciprocal effects that accumulate over time.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},426247,1791012715,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":8,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":147,"read_time":81},962088006270,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","390 Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2  \nimportance of addressing them in interventions aimed at improving long-term well-being in older adults post-TBI.  \nAbstract citation ID: igaf122.1325  \nSOCIAL INTEGRATION, FUNCTIONAL  \nINDEPENDENCE, AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS:  \nLONG-TERM EFFECTS AFTER TBI IN OLDER ADULTS  \nWonkyung (Kelly) Jung1, Dabin Hwang2, and Janiece Taylor3, 1. Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States, 2. Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States, 3. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States  \nTraumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, particularly among older adults. The resulting disabilities can significantly affect social integration, functional independence, and contribute to depressive symptoms.Addressing these factors is vital for promoting healthy aging in older individuals post-TBI. However, research on the interplay between social integration, functional independence, and depressive symptoms in this population is limited. This study examines the reciprocal associations between these factors over 5 years post-injury.  \nWe conducted a secondary data analysis using the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database (TBIMS-NDB) .  \nStructural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore the causality and directionality of the relationships between social integration, functional independence, and depressive symptoms in older adults post-TBI. A cross-lagged analysis (n = 2101) assessed longitudinal changes in these variables at 1-, 2-, and 5-years post-injury, adjusting for covariates. Social integration was associated with improved functional independence but did not predict depressive symptoms. Greater functional independence was linked to better social integration and fewer depressive symptoms. Higher levels of depressive symptoms were associated with poorer functional independence. Cross-lagged relationships between social integration and functional independence, as well as between functional independence and depressive symptoms, suggest reciprocal effects that accumulate over time. These findings emphasize the interconnectedness of these factors and the","cbCaied3kqtajLUQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaied3kqtajLUQ","pdf",386024,"English","# Study background\n# Methods and data\n## Secondary analysis\n## Structural equation and cross-lagged modeling\n# Key findings","[{\"question\":\"What population does the study focus on, and why does it matter?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on older adults after traumatic brain injury (TBI). It matters because TBI-related disabilities can disrupt social integration and functional independence and may contribute to depressive symptoms.\"},{\"question\":\"What dataset and analytic approach are used?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses secondary data from the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database (TBIMS-NDB). Structural equation modeling and cross-lagged analyses are applied to examine directionality across 1, 2, and 5 years post-injury.\"},{\"question\":\"What relationship did the study find between social integration and depressive symptoms?\",\"answer\":\"Social integration was associated with improved functional independence but did not predict depressive symptoms in the analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"How do functional independence and depressive symptoms relate over time?\",\"answer\":\"Greater functional independence was linked to better social integration and fewer depressive symptoms. Higher depressive symptoms were associated with poorer functional independence, suggesting reciprocal effects that accumulate over time.\"}]","SOCIAL INTEGRATION, FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE, AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS - LONG-TERM EFFECTS AFTER TBI IN OLDER ADULTS | PDF",1790639904]