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Emotions are central to whether these relationships flourish or decay, and social-emotional intelligence—emotional perception, utilization, and management of self and others—supports relationship satisfaction. Yet prior studies report inconsistent SEI levels and gender effects. This study examined gender differences in SEI among 399 undergraduates (234 females, 186 males) in Nairobi, Kenya, using a survey and multistage sampling.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/social-emotional-intelligence-of-undergraduate-university-students-in-intimate-relationships-in-nairobi-kenya-a-gender-differences-perspective/596346/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/social-emotional-intelligence-of-undergraduate-university-students-in-intimate-relationships-in-nairobi-kenya-a-gender-differences-perspective/596346.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alexandar","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study’s main objective regarding social-emotional intelligence?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To investigate whether significant gender differences exist in social-emotional intelligence among undergraduate university students engaged in intimate relationships in Nairobi County, Kenya.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the sample selected and what was the study size?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A survey design with multistage sampling was used to select 234 female and 186 male undergraduate students, totaling 399 participants.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the study findings indicate about gender and social-emotional learning?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Emotional perception shows a statistically significant difference between genders, but the study concludes that gender should not deter students from social-emotional learning.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},596346,1792165549,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090768658,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Social-Emotional Intelligence of Undergraduate University Students in Intimate Relationships in Nairobi, Kenya: A Gender  \nDifferences Perspective  \nVeronica Nyawira Ngatia * andBeatrice M. Kathungu **  \nAbstract  \nMost undergraduate students in universities are in the young adulthood stage of development, in which intimate relationships are part of key tasks. Central to intimate relationships are emotions, which play a crucial role in determining whether a relationship flourishes or decays. Capacity to manage emotions of self and others-also known as social-emotional intelligence-powered by its dimensions; emotional perception, utilization, and management of self and others-has been found to enhance individual capacity to relate with others, enhancing the possibilities of experiencing relationship satisfaction. However, most past studies have recorded inconsistent social-emotional intelligence (SEI) levels, gender-based differences, and context have differed from that of intimate relationships. The study was an attempt to investigate if there are significant gender differences in social-emotional intelligence in a sample of (n = 399) undergraduate students in universities engaged in intimate relationships in Nairobi County, Kenya. A survey design was used, and multistage sampling was used to select 234 female and 186 male students. Analysis of the data indicate moderate levels of social-emotional intelligence among undergraduate students in intimate relationships. The emotional perception dimension of social-emotional intelligence shows a statistically significant difference between the genders. However, the study findings reveal that gender should not be a deterrent when exposing students to social-emotional learning.  \nKeywords: Social-emotional intelligence, undergraduate students, intimate relationships, gender differences.  \n*Certified Emotional Intelligence Practitioner, Accredited Counselor Programs Manager-Shamiri Institute  \nKenyatta University, Nairobi, [Kenya. Email: venyanga@gmail.com](Kenya. Email: venyanga@gmail.com)  \n**Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya  \nIntroduction  \nMost undergraduate students in Kenya are in the young adulthood stage of human development. Establishing and maintaining intimate relationships is among the key development tasks (Arnett, 2000) . More than half of the undergraduate students (56%) have previously been recorded as being engaged in intimate relationships (Fida et al. , 2018) . However, intimate relationships among young adults, especially undergraduate students in universities in Kenya, face many emotional-based conflicts (Wanyoike, 2015; WHO, 2014) that tend to contribute to their decay. Emotional-based conflicts have also led to violence, suicides, and deaths (WHO, 2021; Kenyatta University Wellness Center, 2022; Ouma, 2018) .  \nSocial-emotional intelligence (SEI) defined by its dimensions; emotional perception, utilization, management of self and others has been touted among key skills that allow individuals to effectively manage emotions of self and others. Additionally, social-emotional intelligence has been found to improve relationship success and satisfaction (Jardine et al., 2022) . In other previous studies, gender differences socially defined roles and characteristics that define female and male have emerged as a vital determinant of the level of social-emotional intelligence (Fida et al., 2018; Meshkat & Nejat, 2017; Patel, 2017; Rao and Komala, 2017) . However, few researchers such as Fida et al., 2018; Meshkat & Nejat, 2017; Patel, 2017; Rao and Komala, 2017haveexplored whether gender differences in social-emotional intelligence would emerge in intimate relationships context among university students. This is despite social-emotional intelligence being a possible enhancing key factor of intimate relationships.  \nLevels of Social-emotional Intelligence among University Undergraduate Students  \nSocial-emotional intelligence has been defined as the capacity to effectiv","cbCaicTM9xf8iOfY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicTM9xf8iOfY","pdf",354826,15,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Young adulthood and intimate relationships\n## Role of social-emotional intelligence\n# Levels of Social-emotional Intelligence among University Undergraduate Students\n# Gender Differences in Social-emotional Intelligence\n## Overall gender findings\n# Gender Differences in Social-emotional Intelligence Dimensions","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main objective regarding social-emotional intelligence?\",\"answer\":\"To investigate whether significant gender differences exist in social-emotional intelligence among undergraduate university students engaged in intimate relationships in Nairobi County, Kenya.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the sample selected and what was the study size?\",\"answer\":\"A survey design with multistage sampling was used to select 234 female and 186 male undergraduate students, totaling 399 participants.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the study findings indicate about gender and social-emotional learning?\",\"answer\":\"Emotional perception shows a statistically significant difference between genders, but the study concludes that gender should not deter students from social-emotional learning.\"}]","Social-Emotional Intelligence of Undergraduate University Students in Intimate Relationships in Nairobi, Kenya - A Gender Differences Perspective | PDF",1792082910,38]