[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-597922-105":59,"doc-detail-597922-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","so-transitions-linking-adverbial-use-of-university-esl-students","So, Transitions - Linking Adverbial Use of University ESL Students","","So, Transitions examines how university ESL students use linking adverbials such as so, yet, and however across an academic writing program. The research contrasts first-year composition students with final-year students and documents differences in frequency and patterns, including relative overuse of certain adverbials. Using automated and manual identification methods with computerized learner corpora, the study also tracks increases in academic transition use over a semester and highlights pedagogical and further research implications.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/so-transitions-linking-adverbial-use-of-university-esl-students/597922/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/so-transitions-linking-adverbial-use-of-university-esl-students/597922.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"SANS","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study primarily investigating?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study investigates differences in the use of linking adverbials (e.g., so, yet, however) between first-year and final-year university ESL composition students.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the research identify linking adverbials?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It describes both automated and manual identification of linking adverbials using computerized learner corpora.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What changes over time during the semester are reported?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The findings indicate an increase in academic transition use during the semester-long period of the study, along with significant differences in certain adverbial pairs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},597922,1792085959,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},962090760505,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","So, Transitions: Linking Adverbial Use of University ESL Students  \nThis research article summarizes and discusses differences found in the use of linking adverbials, such as so, yet, and however, between 1st-year composition students and final-year students. The methods describe both automated and manual identification of linking adverbials using computerized learner corpora, and the results include pedagogical and further research implications. Assignment particulars and other learner objectives appeared to play a role in the relative overuse ofcertain adverbials in addition to conversational adverbials occurring more often in the compositions of the 1st-year students. The findings also show an increase in academic transition use during the semester-long period of the study. Significant differences were found in the use of adverbial pairs with nuanced differences, such as yet and however. The article concludes with pedagogical implications and suggestions for how to improve teaching practices based on the improvement found across the course of the semester.  \nIntroduction  \nLinking sentences into paragraphs and paragraphs into academic  \nessays can be a daunting task for first-year university ESL stu  \ndents who may have limited experience and familiarity with the genre. Students will learn to use different devices, such as conjunctions and linking adverbials, to connect their ideas to enhance cohesion and coherence in their writing. Linking adverbials differ from conjunctions in that they explain semantic relationships between different lengths of discourse (Biber, Conrad, & Leech, 2002) . These small, yet important, chunks of language pose many difficulties for English language learners and the use of these adverbials must be closely examined in order to provide effective instruction that will guide these students to the highest level of proficiency possible by the  \nThe CATESOL Journal 26.1 • 2014 • 1  \nend of their undergraduate careers. Classroom-based research and the use of learner corpora provide teachers and researchers with the tools needed to assess the gains of students as well as the areas that require additional instruction and modifications to current instruction to allow for further improvement.  \nReview of the Literature  \nWhile there are many subjective qualities of what exactly constitutes effective writing, prior corpus research has pointed to the successful use of cohesive devices such as linking adverbials, which include lexical adverbials such as however and phrasal adverbials such as on the other hand (Chiang, 2003; Liu & Braine, 2005; Yang & Sun, 2012) . Liu & Braine (2005) specifically noted a strong correlation between the number of cohesive devices and overall writing quality. Regarding correct use of linking adverbials, Crewe (1990) posits that while appropriate use contributes to successful writing, inappropriate use of linking adverbials can detract more so from writing quality, but also notes that when readers encounter an unexpected or inappropriate linking adverbial, they can mentally substitute the adverbial they were anticipating. Minor differences aside, both sets of claims get atthe same point that writers must be able to use linking adverbials appropriately.  \nMuch of the existing research concerning linking adverbials focuses on whether or not English language learners overuse linking adverbials when compared to their native-speaking counterparts, which Granger and Tyson (1996) describe as an “overuse hypothesis”pertaining to the linking adverbial habits of native French speakers. Their own research claims to disprove this hypothesis as the Frenchspeaking students underused linking adverbials compared to native speakers. Ishikawa’s (2011) study of Asian students found the same to be true. However, other studies report nonnative speakers’ (NNSs’) overuse of linking adverbials when compared to native speakers (Lei, 2012) or professional writers (Shaw, 2009) . A more widely agreedupon fin","cbCaitqs6wIrNjPn","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitqs6wIrNjPn","pdf",520335,13,"English","# Introduction\n## Linking sentences and cohesion in academic writing\n# Review of the Literature\n## Cohesive devices and writing quality\n## Overuse vs. underuse hypotheses\n## Cross-group comparisons\n# Research Questions\n# Methodology","[{\"question\":\"What is the study primarily investigating?\",\"answer\":\"The study investigates differences in the use of linking adverbials (e.g., so, yet, however) between first-year and final-year university ESL composition students.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the research identify linking adverbials?\",\"answer\":\"It describes both automated and manual identification of linking adverbials using computerized learner corpora.\"},{\"question\":\"What changes over time during the semester are reported?\",\"answer\":\"The findings indicate an increase in academic transition use during the semester-long period of the study, along with significant differences in certain adverbial pairs.\"}]","So, Transitions - Linking Adverbial Use of University ESL Students | PDF",33]