[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-183590-105":59,"doc-detail-183590-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","snakehead-channa-striata-fed-soy-diets-with-mannan-oligosaccharides-growth-performance-and-immune-response","Snakehead (Channa striata) Fed Soy Diets with Mannan Oligosaccharides: Growth Performance and Immune Response","","Diet formulations using fishmeal, soybean meal, and soy-based substitutes were evaluated in snakehead (Channa striata) to determine how mann an oligosaccharides (MO) affects growth and immunity. Feeds varied by MO inclusion level (0, 0.2, 0.4%) across different protein sources (FM, SBM, SPC), with chemical composition reported for each diet. Growth outcomes were assessed via weight gain, FCR, PER, and survival rate, while immune status was evaluated using blood parameters and immunoglobulin, plus lysozyme activity before and after challenge. Cost efficiency was also compared among treatments.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/snakehead-channa-striata-fed-soy-diets-with-mannan-oligosaccharides-growth-performance-and-immune-response/183590/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/snakehead-channa-striata-fed-soy-diets-with-mannan-oligosaccharides-growth-performance-and-immune-response/183590.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Nguyễn Văn Học","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-02",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How were the experimental diets formulated for snakehead?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The study used fishmeal (FM), soybean meal (SBM), or soy protein concentrate (SPC), with mann an oligosaccharides (MO) supplementation at 0, 0.2, or 0.4% levels. Feed ingredients and nutrient composition were reported for each formulation.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which growth indicators were used to evaluate performance?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Growth was assessed using initial and final weights and weight gain, and summarized by FCR, PER, and survival rate (SR). P-values were reported for effects of diet sources, MO levels, and their interaction.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How was immune response measured?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Immune status was evaluated using blood parameters (RBC, WBC), immunoglobulin (Ig), and lysozyme activity. Lysozyme was measured before and after a challenge to compare dietary effects.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},183590,1788353279,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374402739827,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000c97e7351f1a627?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1787885694763230660","| Ingredients (%) | FM | FM\u003Cbr>0.2MO | FM\u003Cbr>0.4MO | SBM | SBM\u003Cbr>0.2MO | SBM\u003Cbr>0.4MO | SPC | SPC\u003Cbr>0.2MO | SPC\u003Cbr>0.4MO |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Kien Giang fishmeal | 60.7 | 60.7 | 60.7 | 35.8 | 35.8 | 35.8 | 36.2 | 36.2 | 36.2 |\n| Defatted soybean meal | - | - | - | 33.4 | 33.4 | 33.4 | - | - | - |\n| SPC | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.07 | 24.07 | 24.07 |\n| Cassava | 23.8 | 23.6 | 23.4 | 8.26 | 8.06 | 7.86 | 20.68 | 20.48 | 20.28 |\n| Rice bran | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |\n| Premix mineral and vitamins | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |\n| Oil | 2.69 | 2.69 | 2.69 | 3.08 | 3.08 | 3.08 | 3.38 | 3.38 | 3.38 |\n| Carboxymethyl cellulose | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 3.40 | 3.40 | 3.40 |\n| Lysine | - | - | - | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 |\n| Methionine | - | - | - | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.24 |\n| Fish solution | - | - | - | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 | - | - | - |\n| Phytase | - | - | - | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | - | - | - |\n| Mannan oligosaccharides | 0 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0 | 0.20 | 0.40 |\n| Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |\n| The chemical composition of feed (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Crude protein | 44.5 | 44.3 | 44.8 | 45.0 | 44.3 | 44.3 | 45.5 | 44.7 | 44.2 |\n| Crude lipid | 8.56 | 8.62 | 8.69 | 8.91 | 8.45 | 8.76 | 8.76 | 8.83 | 8.90 |\n| Ash | 15.4 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 12.5 | 12.18 | 12.18 | 12.17 |\n| Fiber | 1.55 | 1.61 | 1.50 | 2.15 | 2.16 | 2.15 | 4.79 | 4.75 | 4.81 |\n| NFE | 29.99 | 30.27 | 29.71 | 31.4.8 | 32.7 | 32.2.9 | 28.81 | 29.58 | 29.95 |\n| Energy (KJ. g-1) | 19.17 | 19.20 | 19.25 | 19.69 | 19.58 | 19.61 | 19.27 | 19.25 | 19.22 |\n\n\n| Treatment | Wi (g) | Wf (g) | WG (g) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| FM | 7.00±0.14a | 47.7±0.6d | 40.7±0.5f |\n| FM 0.2MO | 7.05±0.03a | 52. 5±1.2b | 45. 5±1.2b |\n| FM 0.4MO | 7.01±0.05a | 52. 1±0.2b | 45.0±0.2b |\n| SBM | 7.08±0.11a | 50. 5±2.1bc | 43.4±2.0bd |\n| SBM 0.2MO | 7.08±0.10a | 57.7±1.7a | 50. 6±1.6a |\n| SBM 0.4MO | 7.05±0.06a | 57.4±1.5a | 50.3±1.5a |\n| SPC | 7.23±0.36a | 49.4±0.6cd | 42.2±0.4cf |\n| SPC 0.2MO | 7.00±0.03a | 51.3±1.2bc | 44.3±1.3bc |\n| SPC 0.4MO | 7.06±0.05a | 48.9±1.8cd | 41.9±1.8df |\n| P values |  |  |  |\n| Diets | - | 0.000 | 0.000 |\n| MO | - | 0.000 | 0.000 |\n| Diets*MO | - | 0.003 | 0.003 |\n\n\n| Treatment | Growth parameters |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  | FCR | PER | SR (%) |\n| Diet sources |  |  |  |\n| FM | 0.97±0.09ab | 2.56±0.28a | 76.2±3.3a |\n| SBM | 1.05±0.08a | 2.20±0.24b | 78.1±3.9a |\n| SPC | 0.93±0.09b | 2.67±0.24a | 66.6±5.3b |\n| MO levels (%) |  |  |  |\n| 0 | 1.03±0.20a | 2.35±0.57b | 67.9±12.4b |\n| 0.20 | 0.94±0.23a | 2.53±0.66a | 78.8±0.2a |\n| 0.40 | 0.98±0.35a | 2.54±0.52a | 74.2±9.9ab |\n| P values |  |  |  |\n| Diets | 0.037 | 0.004 | 0.000 |\n| MO | 0.167 | 0.260 | 0.000 |\n| Diets*MO | 0.843 | 0.800 | 0.217 |\n\n\n| Treatment | Blood parameters |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  | RBC ([10](106 cells.mm-3)[6](106 cells.mm-3)[ cells](106 cells.mm-3)[.](106 cells.mm-3)[mm](106 cells.mm-3)[-3](106 cells.mm-3)) | WBC ([10](103 cells.mm-3)[3](103 cells.mm-3)[ cells](103 cells.mm-3)[.](103 cells.mm-3)[mm](103 cells.mm-3)[-3](103 cells.mm-3)) |\n| Diet sources |  |  |\n| FM | 2.17±0.18a | 60.9±5.9b |\n| SBM | 2.18±0.33a | 66.3±7.1ab |\n| SPC | 2.20±0.17a | 74.6±3.4a |\n| MO levels (%) |  |  |\n| 0 | 2.17±0.87a | 58.6±2.7b |\n| 0.20 | 2.26±0.66a | 71.8±1.8a |\n| 0.40 | 2.14±0.52a | 71.4±19.8a |\n| P values |  |  |\n| Diets | 0.973 | 0.001 |\n| MO | 0.567 | 0.000 |\n| Diets*MO | 0.273 | 0.081 |\n\n\n| Treatment | Ig (mg.mL-1) | Pre-challenge lysozyme (µg.mL-1) | Post-challenge lysozyme (µg.mL-1) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| FM | 9.09±0.85c | 263±6df | 459±3df |\n| FM 0.2MO | 10.10±0.57bc | 276±13d | 503±11bc |\n| FM 0.4MO | 12.90±0.83a | 346±15b | 536±27a |\n| SBM | 9.08±0.49c | 248±23f | 479±6cd |\n| SBM 0.2MO | 9.42±0.50c | 283±3d | 485±7c |\n| SBM 0.4MO | 12.00±0.69a | 308±14c | 529±24a |\n","cbCaiigsc8My73l5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiigsc8My73l5","pdf",343954,15,"English","# Diet formulations\n## Growth performance\n## Blood and immune parameters\n## Post-challenge lysozyme response\n## Feed cost efficiency","[{\"question\":\"How were the experimental diets formulated for snakehead?\",\"answer\":\"The study used fishmeal (FM), soybean meal (SBM), or soy protein concentrate (SPC), with mann an oligosaccharides (MO) supplementation at 0, 0.2, or 0.4% levels. Feed ingredients and nutrient composition were reported for each formulation.\"},{\"question\":\"Which growth indicators were used to evaluate performance?\",\"answer\":\"Growth was assessed using initial and final weights and weight gain, and summarized by FCR, PER, and survival rate (SR). P-values were reported for effects of diet sources, MO levels, and their interaction.\"},{\"question\":\"How was immune response measured?\",\"answer\":\"Immune status was evaluated using blood parameters (RBC, WBC), immunoglobulin (Ig), and lysozyme activity. Lysozyme was measured before and after a challenge to compare dietary effects.\"}]","Snakehead (Channa striata) Fed Soy Diets with Mannan Oligosaccharides: Growth Performance and Immune Response | PDF",38]