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Text explains competing Northern and Southern interpretations of slavery’s role in financial and industrial development, traces growing sectional lines from the Missouri Compromise onward, and provides demographic details on enslaved populations and slaveholding households. It also explores why yeomen and poor whites defended slavery and how critics argued that slavery violated fundamental rights by treating African-American laborers as property.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/slavery-and-sectionalism-slavery-and-sectionalism-reading-questions-worksheet/611898/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/slavery-and-sectionalism-slavery-and-sectionalism-reading-questions-worksheet/611898.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ivy","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-19",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What overriding issue intensified differences between North and South in the passage?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Slavery intensified regional and economic differences between North and South.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"About what fraction of the population in the fifteen slave states were enslaved people?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Nearly four million enslaved people out of a total population of about 12.3 million, based on the 1860 census.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why did southern yeomen and poor whites support slavery?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"They feared that freed Black people would compete economically and challenge their higher social status, and many defended slavery as a matter of white supremacy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},611898,1792941067,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":24,"preview_page_count":4},549758252649,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/8000253669c5317157?_k=1778319167496531819","Name:   Date:   Class:    \nSlavery and Sectionalism  \nOne overriding issue exacerbated the regional and economic differences between North and South: slavery. Resenting the large profits amassed by Northern businessmen from marketing the cotton crop, many Southerners attributed the backwardness of their own section to Northern aggrandizement. Many Northerners, on the other hand, declared that slavery – the \"peculiar institution\" that the South regarded as essential to its economy – was largely responsible for the region's relative financial and industrial backwardness.  \nAs far back as the Missouri Compromise in 1819, sectional lines had been steadily hardening on the slavery question. In the North, sentiment for outright abolition grew increasingly powerful. Southerners in general felt little guilt about slavery and defended it vehemently. In some seaboard areas, slavery by 1850 was well over 200 years old; it was an integral part of the basic economy of the region.  \nAlthough the 1860 census showed that there were nearly four million slaves out of a total population of 12.3 million in the 15 slave states, only a minority of  \nSouthern whites owned slaves. There were some 385,000 slave owners out of about 1.5 million white families. Fifty percent of these slave owners owned no more than five slaves. Twelve percent owned 20 or more slaves, the number defined as turning a farmer into a planter. Three-quarters of Southern white families, including the \"poor whites,\"those on the lowest rung of Southern society, owned no slaves.  \nIt is easy to understand the interest of the planters in slave holding. But the yeomen and poor whites supported the institution of slavery as well. They feared that, if freed, blacks would compete with them economically and challenge their higher social status. Southern whites defended slavery not simply on the basis of economic necessity but out of a visceral dedication to white supremacy.  \nAs they fought the weight of Northern opinion, political leaders of the South, the professional classes, and most of the clergy now no longer apologized for slavery but championed it. Southern publicists insisted, for example, that the relationship between capital and labor was more humane under the slavery  \nFree K-12 Worksheets and More [www.STUDENTHANDOUTS.com](www.STUDENTHANDOUTS.com)  \nName:   Date:   Class:    \nsystem than under the wage system of the North.  \nBefore 1830 the old patriarchal system of plantation government, with its personal supervision of the slaves by their owners or masters, was still characteristic. Gradually, however, with the introduction of large-scale cotton production in the lower South, the master gradually ceased to exercise close personal supervision over his slaves, and employed professional overseers charged with exacting from slaves a maximum amount of work. In such circumstances, slavery could become a system of brutality and coercion in which beatingsand the breakup of families through the sale of individuals were commonplace. In other settings, however, it could be much milder.  \nIn the end, however, the most trenchant criticism of slavery was not the behavior of individual masters and overseers. Systematically treating  \nAfrican-American laborers as if they were domestic animals, slavery, the abolitionists pointed out, violated every human being's inalienable right to be free.  \n1. What overriding issue exacerbated the regional and economic differences between North and South?  \n\n|  |\n| --- |\n|  |\n|  |\n\n2. Approximately what fraction of the fifteen slave states’ population was comprised of slaves?  \n\n|  |\n| --- |\n|  |\n|  |\n\n3. Why did southern yeomen and poor whites support the institution of slavery?  \n\n|  |\n| --- |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n\n4. Why were so many people opposed to the institution of slavery?  \n\n|  |\n| --- |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n|  |\n\nFree K-12 Worksheets and More [www.STUDENTHANDOUTS.com](www.STUDENTHANDOUTS.com)","cbCaieHTJy9vhDxz","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieHTJy9vhDxz","pdf",85721,"English","# Slavery and Sectionalism\n## Question 1\n## Question 2\n## Question 3\n## Question 4","[{\"question\":\"What overriding issue intensified differences between North and South in the passage?\",\"answer\":\"Slavery intensified regional and economic differences between North and South.\"},{\"question\":\"About what fraction of the population in the fifteen slave states were enslaved people?\",\"answer\":\"Nearly four million enslaved people out of a total population of about 12.3 million, based on the 1860 census.\"},{\"question\":\"Why did southern yeomen and poor whites support slavery?\",\"answer\":\"They feared that freed Black people would compete economically and challenge their higher social status, and many defended slavery as a matter of white supremacy.\"}]","Slavery and Sectionalism - Slavery and sectionalism reading questions worksheet | PDF",1792382389]