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Early-stage skin cancer can be curable, yet effective drug discovery, clinical success, and overcoming drug resistance remain major obstacles. Addressing this gap requires understanding skin carcinoma etiology, cell-proliferation mechanisms, growth-regulating factors, and the pathways driving drug resistance, including the roles of structural diversity and emerging advanced therapies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/skin-cancer-understanding-the-journey-of-transformation-from-conventional-to-advanced-treatment-approaches/375634/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/skin-cancer-understanding-the-journey-of-transformation-from-conventional-to-advanced-treatment-approaches/375634.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Liam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is understanding skin cancer transformation important for treatment progress?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The document explains that while early skin cancer can be curable, drug identification, clinical success, and especially drug resistance are major challenges. 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Molecular Cancer (2023) 22:168 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-023-01854-3](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-023-01854-3)  \nMolecular Cancer  \n REVIEW Open Access  \nSkin cancer: understanding the journey of transformation from conventional to advanced treatment approaches  \nNazeer Hasan1, Arif Nadaf1†, Mohammad Imran2†, Umme Jiba1†, Afsana Sheikh1†, Waleed H. Almalki3, Salem Salman Almujri4, Yousuf Hussain Mohammed2*, Prashant Kesharwani1,5* and Farhan Jalees Ahmad1*  \nAbstract  \nSkin cancer is a global threat to the healthcare system and is estimated to incline tremendously in the next 20 years, if not diagnosed at an early stage. Even though it is curable at an early stage, novel drug identification, clinical success, and drug resistance is another major challenge. To bridge the gap and bring effective treatment, it is important to understand the etiology of skin carcinoma, the mechanism of cell proliferation, factors affecting cell growth, and the mechanism of drug resistance. The current article focusses on understanding the structural diversity of skin cancers, treatments available till date including phytocompounds, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photothermal therapy, surgery, combination therapy, molecular targets associated with cancer growth and metastasis, and special emphasis on nanotechnology-based approaches for downregulating the deleterious disease. A detailed analysis with respect to types of nanoparticles and their scope in overcoming multidrug resistance as well as associated clinical trials has been discussed.  \nKeywords Skin cancer, Melanoma, Non-melanoma, Etiology, Phytocompounds, Toxicity, Targeted therapy, Combination therapy, Nanotechnology  \n†Arif Nadaf, Mohammad Imran, Umme Jiba and Afsana Sheikh contributed equally to this work.  \n*Correspondence:  \nYousuf Hussain Mohammed [y.mohammed@uq.edu.au](y.mohammed@uq.edu.au)[ ](y.mohammed@uq.edu.au)Prashant Kesharwani [prashantdops@gmail.com](prashantdops@gmail.com)[ ](prashantdops@gmail.com)Farhan Jalees Ahmad [fjahmad@jamiahamdard.ac.in](fjahmad@jamiahamdard.ac.in)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ()[. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ()[http://creativecom](http://creativecom)[mons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/](mons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.  \nHasan et al. Molecular Cancer (2023) 22:168 Page 2 of 70  \nGraphical Abstract  \nIntroduction  \nSkin cancer (SC), is one of the most devastating cancers of the present decade, and the fifth commonest form of cancer [1–3]. It is further predicted to surpass heart disease as the main cause of mortality and the biggest obstacle to extending life expectancy in the next decades. According to the annual status report from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, there were approximately 9.6","cbCaimFmjJqsCNAU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimFmjJqsCNAU","pdf",4291432,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# Introduction\n## Disease burden and epidemiology\n## Etiology and classification\n## Conventional treatment challenges","[{\"question\":\"Why is understanding skin cancer transformation important for treatment progress?\",\"answer\":\"The document explains that while early skin cancer can be curable, drug identification, clinical success, and especially drug resistance are major challenges. Bridging the gap requires understanding etiology, cell proliferation, growth factors, and resistance mechanisms.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the main drivers of skin cancer described in the text?\",\"answer\":\"The text attributes primary cause to abnormal skin cell proliferation driven by unrepaired DNA, including DNA mutations or genetic defects. It also outlines how skin is organized into epidermis and dermis and how mutations in melanocytes lead to malignant melanoma.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article characterize conventional therapies and why new approaches are needed?\",\"answer\":\"It states that treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy often fail to cure completely, can be painful, and may produce negative consequences by affecting healthy cells and not achieving sufficient selective toxicity. This motivates advanced strategies discussed in the review, including nanotechnology-based approaches.\"}]","Skin cancer: understanding the journey of transformation from conventional to advanced treatment approaches | PDF",1790215619,176]