[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-664089-105":59,"doc-detail-664089-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","sketch-based-face-recognition-forensic-vs-composite-sketches","Sketch Based Face Recognition - Forensic vs. Composite Sketches","","Facial sketches help law enforcement identify and apprehend suspects when no clear facial image is available at the crime scene. Forensic sketches are drawn by trained artists from witness descriptions, while composite sketches are generated with software using selectable facial components. The document proposes automatic sketch-to-mugshot matching and compares forensic and composite sketches for effectiveness against large police mugshot databases. Experiments show composite sketches achieve higher accuracy than forensic sketches and outperform a commercial face matcher.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/sketch-based-face-recognition-forensic-vs-composite-sketches/664089/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/sketch-based-face-recognition-forensic-vs-composite-sketches/664089.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Kurz","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the paper address?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It addresses the need for an automatic and efficient method to match facial sketches to large police mugshot databases, comparing forensic and composite sketch effectiveness.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How are forensic and composite sketches different?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Forensic sketches are drawn by forensic artists from witness descriptions, while composite sketches are created with software by selecting facial components.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the experimental results show?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Composite sketches are matched to corresponding mugshots with higher accuracy than forensic sketches, and both representation types outperform a commercial face matcher.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},664089,1793239071,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":46},2336478945635,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Sketch Based Face Recognition: Forensic vs. Composite Sketches  \nScott Klum, Hu Han, Anil K. Jain Department of Computer Science and Engineering Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A.  \nfklumscot,hhan,[jain](jaing@cse.msu.edu)[g](jaing@cse.msu.edu)[@cse.msu.edu](jaing@cse.msu.edu)  \nBrendan Klare Noblis, Falls Church, VA, U.S.A  \n[brendan.klare@noblis.org](brendan.klare@noblis.org)  \nAbstract  \nFacial sketches are widely used by law enforcement agencies to assist in the identification and apprehension of suspects involved in criminal activities. Sketches used in forensic investigations are either drawn by forensic artists (forensic sketches) or created with computer software (composite sketches) following the verbal description provided by an eyewitness or the victim. These sketches are posted in public places and in media in hopes that some viewers will provide tips about the identity of the suspect. This method of identifying suspects is slow and tedious and may not lead to apprehension of the suspect. Hence, there is a need fora method that can automatically and quickly match facial sketches to large police mugshot databases. We address the problem of automatic facial sketch to mugshot matching and, for the first time, compare the effectiveness of forensic sketches and composite sketches. The contributions of this paper include: (i) a database containing mugshots and corresponding forensic and composite sketches that will be made available to interested researchers; (ii) a comparison of holistic facial representations versus component based representations for sketch to mugshot matching; and (iii) an analysis of the effect of filtering a mugshot gallery using three sources of demographic information (age, gender and race/ethnicity). Our experimental results show that composite sketches are matched with higher accuracy than forensic sketches to the corresponding mugshots. Both of the face representations studied here yield higher sketch to photo matching accuracy compared to a commercial face matcher.  \n1. Introduction  \nFacial sketches are commonly used in law enforcement to assist in identifying suspects involved in a crime when no facial image of the suspect is available at the crime scene  \n1 [http://www.askaforensicartist.com/phoenix-pol](http://www.askaforensicartist.com/phoenix-pol)ice-sketch-leads-to-arrest-of-kidnapper/  \n2 [http://www.facesid.com/mediacenter_frontline_](http://www.facesid.com/mediacenter_frontline_)stories .html  \n(a) (b)  \n(c) (d)  \nFigure 1: Examples of facial sketches (a, c) used in successfully apprehending the suspects whose mugshots were in the database (b, d) . (a, b): A man accused of attempting to kidnap a young girl was captured based on his forensic sketch 1. (c, d): A composite sketch created using the software FACES [1] assisted in the capture of a Florida man who brutally attacked and attempted to abduct several young women2.  \n(e.g., from a surveillance camera or a mobile phone) . After a sketch of a suspect's face is created, authorities disseminate the sketch with the hope that someone will recognize the individual and provide pertinent information leading to an arrest. Facial sketches are particularly valuable when eyewitnesses' or victim's descriptions are the only form of evidence available [2] . Unfortunately, this process is inefficient and does not leverage all available resources, in particular, the extensive mugshot databases maintained by law enforcement agencies. Successful techniques for automatically matching facial sketches to mugshots will improve the  \n(a)  \n(b)  \n(c)  \nFigure 2: Examples of (a) mugshots and corresponding (b) forensic sketches and (c) composite sketches of ten different subjects used in our study. These mugshots and forensic sketches are available in the public domain. The composite sketches were drawn by the authors using the software FACES [1] based on a description provided by a volunteer (acting the role of a witness) .  \neffectiveness o","cbCaikjogkIolmgM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikjogkIolmgM","pdf",2253601,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the paper address?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses the need for an automatic and efficient method to match facial sketches to large police mugshot databases, comparing forensic and composite sketch effectiveness.\"},{\"question\":\"How are forensic and composite sketches different?\",\"answer\":\"Forensic sketches are drawn by forensic artists from witness descriptions, while composite sketches are created with software by selecting facial components.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the experimental results show?\",\"answer\":\"Composite sketches are matched to corresponding mugshots with higher accuracy than forensic sketches, and both representation types outperform a commercial face matcher.\"}]","Sketch Based Face Recognition - Forensic vs. Composite Sketches | PDF"]