[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-608331-105":59,"doc-detail-608331-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","singapore-paediatric-resuscitation-guidelines-2021-review-article","Singapore Paediatric Resuscitation Guidelines 2021 - Review Article","","2021 Singapore Paediatric Resuscitation Guidelines present evidence-informed recommendations for paediatric resuscitation. The committee reviewed and discussed International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Pediatric Taskforce Consensus Statements and updated guidance from the American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council. Peer-reviewed evidence updates were considered, and local epidemiology and clinical practice were integrated to tailor care across pre-hospital, emergency department, and hospital settings for improved outcomes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/singapore-paediatric-resuscitation-guidelines-2021-review-article/608331/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/singapore-paediatric-resuscitation-guidelines-2021-review-article/608331.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mimi","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-10-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What sources were reviewed to develop the 2021 Singapore Paediatric Resuscitation Guidelines?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The committee reviewed the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Pediatric Taskforce Consensus Statements (published October 2020) and updated resuscitation guidelines from the American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How are local paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes described for 2009 to 2012?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The guidance reports a young affected population, a bystander CPR rate of 35.6%, survival-to-discharge of 3.4%, and favourable neurological outcomes in 1.7% of paediatric patients.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the guideline define the paediatric age groups relevant to recommendations?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"A neonate is ≤28 days, an infant is below 1 year, a child is 1–12 years, and an adolescent is above 12 years; ‘paediatric’ recommendations cover patients below 18 years unless newborns/neonates are managed in neonatal units.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},608331,1792670407,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336477974920,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Review Article  \nSingapore Med J 2021; 62(8): 372-389 [https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2021107](https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2021107)  \nCMEArticle  \nSingapore Paediatric Resuscitation Guidelines 2021  \nGene Yong-Kwang Ong1,2, MBBS, MRCPCH, Nicola Ngiam3, MBBS, MRCPCH, Lai Peng Tham1, MBBS, MMed, Yee Hui Mok4, MBBS, MRCPCH, Jacqueline SM Ong3, MBBChir, MRCPCH, Khai Pin Lee1, MBBS, MRCPCH, Sashikumar Ganapathy1, MB BCh BAO, MRCPCH, Shu-Ling Chong1, MRCPCH, MPH, Jen Heng Pek5, MBBS, MMed, Su Yah Chew6, MBBS, MRCPCH, Yang Chern Lim6, MBBS, MRCPCH, Germac Qiaoyue Shen7, BN,  \nJade Kua8, MRCS, FAMS, Josephine Tan9, MBBS, MMed, Kee Chong Ng1, MBBS, MMed; on behalf of Paediatric Subcommittee 2016–2021, Singapore Resuscitation and First Aid Council  \n\n| ABSTRACT We present the 2021 Singapore Paediatric Resuscitation Guidelines. The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation’s Pediatric Taskforce Consensus Statements on Science and Treatment Recommendations, which was published in October 2020, and the updated resuscitation guidelines from the American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council, were reviewed and discussed by the committee. These recommendations were derived after deliberation of peer-reviewed evidence updates on paediatric resuscitation and took into consideration the local setting and clinical practice. |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Keywords: paediatric advanced life support, paediatric basic life support, paediatric resuscitation, paediatric resuscitation guidelines |  |\n| LOCAL EPIDEMIOLOGY\u003Cbr>Based on the paediatric sub-study of the Pan-Asian resuscitation outcomes study (i.e. PAROS), local paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) from 2009 to 2012 occurred in a young population (median age two years; interquartile range 0–17 years) .(1) Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rate was 35.6%, and most CPRs were rendered by family members. 20.3% of the paediatric patients went to an emergency department (ED) in their own transport. Survival-to-discharge rate was 3.4%, with only 1.7% of paediatric patients having favourable neurological outcomes (Cerebral Performance Category score 1–2). While things would have likely improved since 2012, it is important to continue to advocate for community efforts to ensure optimal care and better outcomes for the paediatric population in the pre-hospital setting. For paediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), the local survival outcomes from 2009 to 2014 have been reported to be much higher, at 45.6% survival-to-hospital discharge.(2)\u003Cbr>AGE GROUP CONSIDERATIONS\u003Cbr>A neonate is defined as a patient aged ≤ 28 days, while an infant is defined as a patient aged below one year. A child is any patient aged 1–12 years, and an adolescent is a patient aged above 12 years. Unless otherwise stated, ‘paediatric’ in our recommendations includes any patient aged below 18 years, and excludes newbornsand neonates that are managed in neonatal units.\u003Cbr>Neonates (age ≤ 28 days)\u003Cbr>All newly born infants (i.e. newborns) will be resuscitated using the Singapore newborn life support algorithm. All neonates | managed in neonatal units, regardless of postnatal age, will also be resuscitated following the Singapore newborn life support algorithm.\u003Cbr>The resuscitation science is in equipoise on the comparative use of newborn and paediatric life support algorithms for improved long-term survival and neurological outcomes in infants ≤ 28 days of age, who have fully transited from the fetal circulation after delivery and have been discharged to the community from neonatal units or nurseries. We took into consideration established pre-hospital, ED and hospital workflows in our recommendations.\u003Cbr>We suggest that it is reasonable for neonates (age ≤ 28 days), excluding newborns, in the community, ED or paediatric units, to follow the paediatric basic and advanced life support algorithms.\u003Cbr>Adolescents\u003Cbr>Basic life support for community first responders\u003Cbr>Previously, in the 2015 pae","cbCaiuWdNeYGuXW8","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuWdNeYGuXW8","pdf",793950,18,"English","# Abstract\n# Local Epidemiology\n# Age Group Considerations\n## Neonates (age ≤ 28 days)\n## Adolescents\n# Chain of survival","[{\"question\":\"What sources were reviewed to develop the 2021 Singapore Paediatric Resuscitation Guidelines?\",\"answer\":\"The committee reviewed the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Pediatric Taskforce Consensus Statements (published October 2020) and updated resuscitation guidelines from the American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council.\"},{\"question\":\"How are local paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes described for 2009 to 2012?\",\"answer\":\"The guidance reports a young affected population, a bystander CPR rate of 35.6%, survival-to-discharge of 3.4%, and favourable neurological outcomes in 1.7% of paediatric patients.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the guideline define the paediatric age groups relevant to recommendations?\",\"answer\":\"A neonate is ≤28 days, an infant is below 1 year, a child is 1–12 years, and an adolescent is above 12 years; ‘paediatric’ recommendations cover patients below 18 years unless newborns/neonates are managed in neonatal units.\"}]","Singapore Paediatric Resuscitation Guidelines 2021 - Review Article | PDF",1792239454,45]