[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-369771-105":59,"doc-detail-369771-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","singapore-acls-guidelines-2021-resuscitation-protocol","Singapore ACLS Guidelines 2021 - Resuscitation Protocol","","Singapore ACLS Guidelines 2021 provide an update to universal resuscitation algorithms and practical recommendations for defibrillation and management of cardiac arrest and critically ill patients. The protocol emphasizes danger assessment, rapid response activation, breathing and circulation assessment, continuous chest compression with minimal interruptions, and stepwise defibrillation strategies. It outlines secondary survey priorities including airway management, ventilations, oxygenation, vascular access, rhythm evaluation, drug dosing for adrenaline and refractory VF, differential diagnosis using 5H/5T, and post-resuscitation care with ECMO and targeted temperature management considerations.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/singapore-acls-guidelines-2021-resuscitation-protocol/369771/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/singapore-acls-guidelines-2021-resuscitation-protocol/369771.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"eBook King","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",21,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the primary step when managing a critically ill patient under the ACLS 2021 protocol?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Check for potential danger, assess responsiveness, shout for help, and activate the emergency response system. Then call for resuscitation support including personnel, equipment, and an (Automated External) Defibrillator.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How should continuous chest compression (CCC) and ventilation be performed during cardiac arrest?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Start CCC, aiming for ventilations at 10 breaths per minute if BVM is available. Keep interruptions minimal, pausing only during the “Stop CCC” window to check pulse and analyze rhythm.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What defibrillation and drug dosing guidance is provided for refractory VF and subsequent shocks?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Biphasic waveform is preferred starting at 120J (maximum if unknown), while monophasic starts at 360J. Use a single shock strategy with escalation to maximum energy for second and subsequent shocks, and give IV adrenaline 1 mg every 3–5 minutes; for refractory VF (≥3 shocks), give IV amiodarone 300 mg with a repeat once at 150 mg.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},369771,1790216389,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":105,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962088006270,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Singapore ACLS Guidelines 2021  \nCHING Chi-Keong  \nMBBS, MRCP (UK), FAMS, FHRS  \nSenior Consultant, Department of Cardiology Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology & Pacing  \nAssociate Professor, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School  \non behalf of theACLS Subcommittee, SRFAC  \n3rd SRFAC Townhall  \n| ✓ Look for normal\u003Cbr>breathing ✓ Gasping\u003Cbr>✓ EMS Dispatcher | ✓ Quality of CPR\u003Cbr>✓ Hands only CPR ✓ CPR training in schools | ✓ Public Access Defibrillation | ✓ High-performance CPR\u003Cbr>✓ Advanced airway\u003Cbr>✓ Adrenaline | ✓\u003Cbr>✓\u003Cbr>✓\u003Cbr>✓ | Emergency drugs\u003Cbr>ECMO Targeted Temperature Management Percutaneous coronary\u003Cbr>intervention |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\nACLS 2021update  \n• Focussed modification to universal algorithm  \n• Recommendations fordefibrillation  \n• ACLS in special populations  \n• Approaches to common tachy and bradyarrhythmias  \nCritically ill patient  \nPRIMARY SURVEY  \nDanger  \n• Check for potential danger to provider and patient  \nResponsiveness  \n• Check responsiveness of patient  \nShout  \n• Shout for help and activate the emergency response system  \nDefibrillator  \n• Call for resuscitation support: personnel, equipment and (Automated External) Defibrillator  \nBreathing & Circulation Assessment  \n• Assess breathing and pulse  \nCardiac Arrest  \nContinuous Chest Compression (CCC)  \n• Start CCC (with ventilations at 10 breaths per minute, if BVM available)  \nDefibrillator  \n1. Arrival defibrillator-Attach defibrillator pads, turn on defibrillator 2. Pause CCC-check pulse and analyse rhythm (\u003C10s)  \nContinuous Chest Compression (CCC)  \n• Start CCC (with ventilations at 10 breaths per minute, if BVM available)  \nSECONDARY SURVEY  \nAirway  \n• Endotracheal intubation  \n• If unable to intubate, insert a Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) if available.  \nBreathing  \n• Ventilate at 10 breaths per min. If no ETT/LMA, continue BVM.  \n• Oxygenation  \nCirculation  \n• CCC is key. Pause only during the “Stop CCC” window.  \n• Vascular Access  \nCritically ill patient  \n| PRIMARY SURVEY\u003Cbr>Danger\u003Cbr>• Check for potential danger to provider and patient\u003Cbr>Responsiveness\u003Cbr>• Check responsiveness of patient\u003Cbr>Shout\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>• Shout for help and activate the emergency response system\u003Cbr>|\n| --- |\n| \u003Cbr>Defibrillator\u003Cbr>• Call for resuscitation support: personnel, equipment and (Automated External) Defibrillator |\n| Breathing & Circulation Assessment\u003Cbr>• Assess breathing and pulse |\n\nCardiac Arrest  \nDefibrillation  \n• Biphasic waveform is preferred; start at 120J, maximum if unknown  \n• Monophasic waveform; 360J  \n• Single shock strategy  \n• Second and subsequent shock; escalate to maximum energy  \n• Double sequential defibrillation has not been established.  \nCardiac Arrest  \nContinuous Chest Compression (CCC)  \n• Start CCC (with ventilations at 10 breaths per minute, if BVM available)  \nDefibrillator  \n1. Arrival defibrillator-Attach defibrillator pads, turn on defibrillator 2. Pause CCC-check pulse and analyse rhythm (\u003C10s)  \nVF / pVT  \nPEA / Asystole  \nDefibrillate  \nContinuous Chest Compression (CCC)  \n• Start CCC (with ventilations at 10 breaths per minute, if BVM available)  \nDefibrillation in patients with CIEDs  \n• No contraindications to defibrillation  \n• Place defibrillation pads 1 palm length away from device (about 15 cm)  \n• The pacemaker or internal cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) maybe reset. For post resuscitations device check and programming  \n• Safe to perform chest compression in patients with ICD  \nICD  \nSECONDARY SURVEY  \nAirway   \n• Endotracheal intubation  \n• If unable to intubate, insert a Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) if available.  \n Breathing   \n• Ventilate at 10 breaths per min. If no ETT/LMA, continue BVM.  \n• Oxygenation  \n Circulation   \n• CCC is key. Pause only during the “Stop CCC” window.  \n• Vascular Access  \n1. CCC is key: interruption ≤ 10s  \n2. Confirm & monitor ETT placement  \n•CO2 Capnometry or waveform capnography  \n•5 point auscultation  \n 3. IV access is preferred   \nEvery 2 min  \nDrugs  \n• IV Adre","cbCaio9g6GnA48xk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaio9g6GnA48xk","pdf",3965155,"English","# ACLS 2021 Update\n## Universal algorithm modifications\n## Defibrillation recommendations\n## ACLS in special populations\n## Approach to tachy/bradyarrhythmias\n# Critically ill patient primary survey\n## Danger and responsiveness\n## Shout for help and activate EMS\n## Defibrillator call and breathing/circulation assessment\n## Cardiac arrest: continuous chest compression (CCC)\n## Defibrillation strategy\n# Critically ill patient secondary survey\n## Airway management\n## Breathing and oxygenation\n## Circulation and vascular access\n## CO2 capnometry and auscultation\n## Drugs every 2 minutes\n## Differential diagnosis (5H/5T) and POCUS\n## Definitive treatment and stop CCC\n## ROSC and post-resuscitation care","[{\"question\":\"What is the primary step when managing a critically ill patient under the ACLS 2021 protocol?\",\"answer\":\"Check for potential danger, assess responsiveness, shout for help, and activate the emergency response system. Then call for resuscitation support including personnel, equipment, and an (Automated External) Defibrillator.\"},{\"question\":\"How should continuous chest compression (CCC) and ventilation be performed during cardiac arrest?\",\"answer\":\"Start CCC, aiming for ventilations at 10 breaths per minute if BVM is available. Keep interruptions minimal, pausing only during the “Stop CCC” window to check pulse and analyze rhythm.\"},{\"question\":\"What defibrillation and drug dosing guidance is provided for refractory VF and subsequent shocks?\",\"answer\":\"Biphasic waveform is preferred starting at 120J (maximum if unknown), while monophasic starts at 360J. Use a single shock strategy with escalation to maximum energy for second and subsequent shocks, and give IV adrenaline 1 mg every 3–5 minutes; for refractory VF (≥3 shocks), give IV amiodarone 300 mg with a repeat once at 150 mg.\"}]","Singapore ACLS Guidelines 2021 - Resuscitation Protocol | PDF",1790184460,53]