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The article explains how an art therapist uses road drawings during a clinical interview to assess an inmate’s risk for self-harm. After reviewing suicide in correctional settings, it details the rationale and procedure for administering these drawings. Examples from inmates on suicide watch show how road drawings can reveal personal history, mental and emotional states, and behavioral patterns linked to suicide risk.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/signs-of-suicide-using-road-drawings-with-inmates-on-suicide-observation-at-a-county-jail-abstract/592207/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/signs-of-suicide-using-road-drawings-with-inmates-on-suicide-observation-at-a-county-jail-abstract/592207.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Grenda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"How do road drawings help assess inmates’ suicide risk?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Road drawings are used during a clinical interview by an art therapist to evaluate self-harm risk. The produced images can access personal history, mental and emotional states, and behavioral patterns linked to suicide risk.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"Why is suicide a major concern in county jails?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Suicide is identified as a leading cause of death in jails and research indicates suicide rates in detention facilities can be several times higher than in the general population. Many suicides also occur early in incarceration.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What factors contribute to jail suicide, according to the article?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"The article notes interacting factors such as fear of the unknown, suspicion of authorities, lack of control about the future, isolation, and dehumanizing effects of incarceration. These can be compounded by resource or relationship losses, mental illness, prior attempts, depression, and other cognitive and situational risk factors.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},592207,1792074077,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":142},7971474921005,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","B rief Report  \nSigns of Suicide: Using Road Drawings With Inmates on Suicide Observation at a County Jail  \nMichael J. Hanes , Edmond, OK  \nAbstract  \nSuicide is a leading cause of death in jails. This article discusses the use of road drawings as part of a clinical interview by an art therapist to evaluate an inmate’s risk for selfharm. Following an overview of suicide in correctional settings, the rationale and procedure for administering road drawings are explained. Examples produced by inmates who were placedon suicide watch illustrate how road drawings can access personal history, mental and emotional states, and behavioral patterns that may put a person at risk for suicide. The road also may function as a therapeutic metaphor for an inmate’s capacity for change and restoration.  \nIntroduction  \nAlthough art therapy is still relatively new in the field of forensic psychiatry, there is a growing body of research that addresses the benefits of art therapy in correctional settings (Bennink, Gussak, & Skowran, 2003; Ferszt, Hayes, Defedele, & Horn, 2004;, Gussak, 2004, 2006; Gussak & Cohen-Liebmann, 2001; Gussak & Virshup, 1997; Liebmann, 1994). The purpose of this article is to examine the benefits of using the art therapy technique of road drawings to evaluate jail inmates at risk for suicide, which is a significant and growing problem in American jails and prisons (White, Schimmel, & Frickey, 2002) . Following a general review of the literature on suicide in jails, I explain the rationale and procedure for administering road drawings. Case examples produced by inmates who were placedon suicide watch illustrate how road drawings may be used to help evaluate the risk of suicide and may provide a metaphor for an inmate’s capacity for change.  \nSuicide in Jails and Prisons  \nWith over 400 inmates who take their lives each year, suicide continues to be the leading cause of death in U.S.  \nEditor’s note: Michael J. Hanes, MAT, ATR-BC, LPC, is Director of CQI at Red Rock BHS and an art therapist at the Oklahoma County Detention Center. He is also a graduate faculty member at Phoenix University. Correspondence concerning  \nthis article may be [addressed to hanes@telepath.com](addressed to hanes@telepath.com)  \njails (Hayes, 1995) . Research indicates that the suicide rate in detention facilities can be anywhere from 3 to 9 times greater than in the general population (Frieden, 2005; Hayes, 1995; White, Schimmel, & Frickey, 2002) . More than 50 percent of all suicides take place within the first 24 hours of incarceration and almost a third occur within the first 3 hours (Hayes, 1994). Haycock (1989) reported that the majority of those who attempt suicide make their decision within 1 hour of the attempt; the act often is performed on a sudden impulse.  \nThe most frequently utilized method of death among incarcerated persons in the United States is strangulation by hanging (Hayes, 1994, 2003) . Special housing, such as administrative detention or disciplinary segregation, is the most common location for completed suicides, with most suicides occurring between midnight and 6 a.m. (White, Schimmel, & Frickey, 2002) . Many inmates do not exhibit any significant change in mood or behavior that would warn others of their suicidal intentions.  \nRowan and Hayes (1995) found several interacting factors that contribute to jail suicide. These include the jail environment itself, which contributes to fear of the unknown; suspicion of the authorities; a seeming lack of control over the future; isolation from significant others; and the dehumanizing effects of incarceration. These factors often are compounded when an inmate experiences a sudden loss of resources or relationships, feels guilt and shame over the charges leading to incarceration, has a mental illness, and/or has a prior history of suicide attempts. Other risk factors include depression, dysfunctional and dichotomous thinking, a view of suicide as a desirable solution to problems, a","cbCaiq17Brq6KH2Y","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq17Brq6KH2Y","pdf",299619,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Suicide in Jails and Prisons\n# Identifying Inmates at Risk for Suicide","[{\"question\":\"How do road drawings help assess inmates’ suicide risk?\",\"answer\":\"Road drawings are used during a clinical interview by an art therapist to evaluate self-harm risk. The produced images can access personal history, mental and emotional states, and behavioral patterns linked to suicide risk.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is suicide a major concern in county jails?\",\"answer\":\"Suicide is identified as a leading cause of death in jails and research indicates suicide rates in detention facilities can be several times higher than in the general population. Many suicides also occur early in incarceration.\"},{\"question\":\"What factors contribute to jail suicide, according to the article?\",\"answer\":\"The article notes interacting factors such as fear of the unknown, suspicion of authorities, lack of control about the future, isolation, and dehumanizing effects of incarceration. These can be compounded by resource or relationship losses, mental illness, prior attempts, depression, and other cognitive and situational risk factors.\"}]","Signs of Suicide - Using Road Drawings With Inmates on Suicide Observation at a County Jail - Abstract | PDF",18]