[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-436965-105":59,"doc-detail-436965-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","significance-of-strictly-defined-idiopathic-tricuspid-regurgitation","Significance of Strictly Defined Idiopathic Tricuspid Regurgitation","","Moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) can lead to right ventricular (RV) failure and death. Although TR is traditionally classified as primary or secondary, idiopathic TR has been proposed with inconsistent definitions across studies. In a retrospective cohort from January to June 2018, idiopathic TR was diagnosed using a strict systematic approach, then compared with other TR categories by echocardiographic measures.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/significance-of-strictly-defined-idiopathic-tricuspid-regurgitation/436965/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/significance-of-strictly-defined-idiopathic-tricuspid-regurgitation/436965.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Đào","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What problem does the study address about tricuspid regurgitation (TR)?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Moderate to severe TR is associated with RV failure and death, but idiopathic TR has been proposed with varying definitions across studies. The study addresses the need for strict, consistent definition of idiopathic TR.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was idiopathic TR diagnosed in this research?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Idiopathic TR was diagnosed strictly using a new systematic approach, with primary and secondary TR excluded first so that no obvious cause of TR remained.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What was the main finding about idiopathic TR and right ventricular function?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Idiopathic TR was associated with better RV function than other secondary TR forms, and it should be strictly defined and regarded as a distinct type of TR.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},436965,1790739845,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374402968488,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","J Chin MedAssoc  \nOriginal article  \nSignificance of strictly defined idiopathic tricuspid regurgitation  \nJen-Yuan Leea,b, Wen-Yao Lib, Chun-I Wuc, Mu-Shiang Huangb, Wen-Huang Leeb, Yen-Wen Liub, Wei-Chuan Tsaib,c,*  \naDepartment of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan, ROC; bDepartment of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; cDepartment of Internal Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is known to cause right ventricular (RV) failure and death. Although TR is traditionally classified as primary or secondary, recently, a new class of TR called idiopathic TR has been proposed, with varying definitions among different studies.  \nMethods: The data were retrospectively collected for the period of January to June 2018 for 8711 patients from the patient cohort of the National Cheng Kung University Hospital echocardiography laboratory. A total of 670 patients (7 .7%) with moderate-tosevere TR were included. Idiopathic TR was diagnosed strictly using a new systematic approach.  \nResults: The distribution of significant TR included 74 (11 .0%) primary TR cases, 48 (7 .2%) with pacemaker-related TR, 267 (39 .9%) with left heart disease, 24 (3 .6%) with congenital heart disease, 6 (0 .9%) with RV myopathy, 105 (15 .7%) with pulmonary hypertension, and 146 (21 .8%) with idiopathic TR. The mean age in primary and idiopathic TR groups was older (p = 0.004), with lower estimated pulmonary pressure (p \u003C 0.001), higher RV fraction area change (FAC, p \u003C 0.001), and tricuspid annulus systolic velocity (S’, p = 0 .004) compared with functional TR group. Multivariate analysis showed that idiopathic TR (p = 0 .002) and primary TR (p = 0.008) had better RV FAC than functional TR.  \nConclusion: Idiopathic TR was associated with better RV function than the other secondary TRs. Thus, idiopathic TR should be strictly defined and regarded as a distinct type of TR.  \nKeywords: Echocardiography; Right ventricular function; Tricuspid regurgitation  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nCompared with the aortic and mitral valves, the tricuspid valve (TV) is referred to as the forgotten valve,1 with limited studies on tricuspid regurgitation (TR) . In adults, TR is the most common TV dysfunction,2 which results from incomplete coaptation of TV leaflets and flow regurgitation into the right atrium (RA) during systole.  \nTR has been traditionally classified as primary/organic and secondary/functional TR. Primary TR refers to a defect solely in the TV, such as prolapse, flail, perforation, Ebstein’s anomaly, carcinoid syndrome, and rheumatic disease, and accounts for 10% of all TR cases in adults.3 The majority of TRs are secondary, accounting for more than 80% of the cases, but the definition and classification are not uniform. Recently, a third  \n* Address correspondence. Prof. Wei-Chuan Tsai, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan, [ROC. E-mail address: wctsai@seed.net.tw](ROC. E-mail address: wctsai@seed.net.tw) (W.-C. Tsai). Author contributions: Jen-Yuan Lee and Wen-Yao Li contributed equally to this work. Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the subject matter or materials discussed in this article.  \nJournal of Chinese Medical Association. (2023) 86: 176-182.  \nReceived July 12, 2022; accepted October 3, 2022.  \ndoi: 10. 1097/JCMA.0000000000000836.  \nCopyright © 2022, the Chinese Medical Association. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/)[ ](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/)[by-nc-nd/4.0/](by-nc-nd/4.0/))  \ncategory, idiopathic TR, has been proposed. However, its definition varies among studies.4–6 Idiopathic TR is defined as the","cbCairlrgwNcG9AL","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairlrgwNcG9AL","pdf",555309,"English","# Introduction\n# Methods\n## Study population\n## Grading of TR severity","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the study address about tricuspid regurgitation (TR)?\",\"answer\":\"Moderate to severe TR is associated with RV failure and death, but idiopathic TR has been proposed with varying definitions across studies. The study addresses the need for strict, consistent definition of idiopathic TR.\"},{\"question\":\"How was idiopathic TR diagnosed in this research?\",\"answer\":\"Idiopathic TR was diagnosed strictly using a new systematic approach, with primary and secondary TR excluded first so that no obvious cause of TR remained.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the main finding about idiopathic TR and right ventricular function?\",\"answer\":\"Idiopathic TR was associated with better RV function than other secondary TR forms, and it should be strictly defined and regarded as a distinct type of TR.\"}]","Significance of Strictly Defined Idiopathic Tricuspid Regurgitation | PDF",1790679614,18]