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It also documents contributors’ roles across chapters and boxes, and provides licensing, reuse, and permissions guidance under a Creative Commons Attribution framework.","Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized  \n© 2021 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433  \nTelephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)  \nSome rights reserved 1 2 3 4 24 23 22 21  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nNothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThis work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) [http://creativecommons.org/](http://creativecommons.org/)[ ](http://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license](licenses/by/3.0/igo. 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Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images.  \nAll queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail: [pubrights@worldbank.org](pubrights@worldbank.org).  \nISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-1797-7  \nDOI: 10.1596/ 978-1-4648-1797-7  \nCover photo: © Towering Goals / Shutterstock. Used with the permission of Towering Goals / Shutterstock. Further permission required for reuse.  \nCover design: Gabriel Lora  \n© 2021 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank  \nAcknowledgements  \nAcknowledgements  \nThis report is a joint product of the Office of the Chief Economist for the South Asia Region (SARCE) and the Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment (MTI) Global Practice. 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