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This study examined sex differences in how arthritis and pain relate to frailty over 21 years among non-frail baseline Mexican American older adults. Using 1,632 participants from the Hispanic Established Population for EPESE, frailty was defined by at least three criteria, and generalized estimating equations estimated odds ratios by sex with covariate control.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/sex-differences-in-arthritis-pain-and-frailty-among-mexican-american-older-adults/426781/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/sex-differences-in-arthritis-pain-and-frailty-among-mexican-american-older-adults/426781.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"awa","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To investigate sex differences in the relationship between arthritis and pain with frailty over a 21-year follow-up among non-frail baseline Mexican American older adults.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was frailty defined in this study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Frailty was defined as having at least three criteria: unintentional weight loss of more than 10 pounds, weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and slowness.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the results show about pain and frailty?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Pain was significantly associated with frailty over time in both males and females.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},426781,1790741167,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":8,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":81},3985747858093,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","1146 Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2  \nAbstract citation ID: igaf122.3843  \nSEX DIFFERENCES IN ARTHRITIS, PAIN, AND  \nFRAILTY AMONG MEXICAN AMERICAN  \nOLDER ADULTS  \nJamil Okada1, Soham Al Snih2, and Marielle Rominger3, 1. UTMB, Galveston, Texas, United States, 2. The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas, Galveston, Texas, United States, 3. Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, United States  \nFrailty is a significant public health concern in older adults because of its associated increased risk of falls, disability, cognitive decline, decreased quality of life, and mortality. This study investigated sex differences in the relationship between arthritis and pain with frailty over 21-years of follow-up among non-frail at baseline Mexican American older adults. Participants (N = 1632) were from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly. Measures included socio-demographics and health characteristics. Independent variables were self-reported physician diagnosed arthritis and pain on weight bearing. Frailty (outcome variable) was defined as ≥3 criteria: unintentional weight loss of > 10 pounds, weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and slowness. Participants were divided into four groups: no arthritis-no pain, pain-no arthritis, arthritis-no pain, and arthritis-pain. Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of frailty as a function of arthritis and pain over time by sex, controlling for covariates. Among male participants, those with pain only or arthritis and pain had greater (OR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.50-4.25 and OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.06-5.12, respectively) odds of frailty over time than those without pain and without arthritis after controlling for covariates. Among female participants, those with pain only had greater (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.15-2.88) odds of frailty over time than those without arthritis and without pain after controlling for covariates. Pain was a significantly associated with frailty overtime in both males and females. However, arthritis and pain were significantly associated with frailty over time in male participants only.","cbCairzm9YUtGd3f","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairzm9YUtGd3f","pdf",1009951,"English","# Study objective\n## Participants and measures\n## Frailty definition\n## Statistical approach and results","[{\"question\":\"What was the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To investigate sex differences in the relationship between arthritis and pain with frailty over a 21-year follow-up among non-frail baseline Mexican American older adults.\"},{\"question\":\"How was frailty defined in this study?\",\"answer\":\"Frailty was defined as having at least three criteria: unintentional weight loss of more than 10 pounds, weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and slowness.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about pain and frailty?\",\"answer\":\"Pain was significantly associated with frailty over time in both males and females.\"}]","SEX DIFFERENCES IN ARTHRITIS, PAIN, AND FRAILTY AMONG MEXICAN AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS | PDF",1790641782]