[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-37961-en":3,"doc-seo-37961-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":83},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},37961,962075114101,"Seraphina","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e000253a75eb197efd?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780044092746381165",8,"Research & Report","Settler Colonialism and the Elimination of the Native","The article examines the relationship between genocide and settler colonialism, arguing that while their outcomes can converge, they are not identical categories. Settler colonialism is described as inherently eliminatory because it depends on transforming access to land and territory, yet not all settler-colonial contexts produce genocidal results. The discussion uses racial grammar to show how “race” is constructed through targeted social roles, illustrating that Indigenous elimination is tied to territorial access rather than fixed racial identity.","Journal of Genocide Research  \nISSN: 1462-3528 (Print) 1469-9494 (Online) Journal homepage: [https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cjgr20](https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cjgr20)  \nSettler colonialism and the elimination of the native  \nPatrick Wolfe  \nTo cite this article: Patrick Wolfe (2006) Settler colonialism and the elimination of the native, Journal of Genocide Research, 8:4, 387-409, DOI: 10. 1080/14623520601056240  \nTo link to this article: [https://doi.org/10.1080/14623520601056240](https://doi.org/10.1080/14623520601056240)  \n Published online: 21 Dec 2006.  \n\n|  Submit your article to this journal  |\n| --- |\n|  Article views: 82893 |\n|  Citing articles: 698 View citing articles  |\n\nFull Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at [https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=cjgr20](https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=cjgr20)  \nJournal of Genocide Research (2006), 8(4), December, 387–409  \nSettler colonialism and the elimination of the native  \nPATRICK WOLFE  \nThe question of genocide is never far from discussions of settler colonialism. Landis life—or, at least, land is necessary for life. Thus contests for land can be—indeed, often are—contests for life. Yet this is not to say that settler colonialism is simply a form of genocide. In some settler-colonial sites (one thinks, for instance, of Fiji), native society was able to accommodate—though hardly unscathed—the invaders and the transformative socioeconomic system that they introduced. Even in sites of wholesale expropriation such as Australia or North America, settler colonialism’s genocidal outcomes have not manifested evenly across time or space. Native Title in Australia or Indian sovereignty in the US may have deleterious features, but these are hardly equivalent to the impact of frontier homicide. Moreover, there can be genocide in the absence of settler colonialism. The best known of all genocides was internal to Europe, while genocides that have been perpetrated in, for example, Armenia, Cambodia, Rwanda or (one fears) Darfur do not seem to be assignable to settler colonialism. In this article, Ishall begin to explore, in comparative fashion, the relationship between genocide and the settler-colonial tendency that I term the logic of elimination.1 I contend that, though the two have converged—which is to say, the settler-colonial logic of elimination has manifested as genocidal—they should be distinguished. Settler colonialism is inherently eliminatory but not invariably genocidal.  \nAs practised by Europeans, both genocide and settler colonialism have typically employed the organizing grammar of race. European xenophobic traditions such as anti-Semitism, Islamophobia, or Negrophobia are considerably older than race, which, as many have shown, became discursively consolidated fairly late in the eighteenth century.2 But the mere fact that race is a social construct does not of itself tell us very much. As I have argued, different racial regimes encode and reproduce the unequal relationships into which Europeans coerced the populations concerned. For instance, Indians and Black people in the US have been racialized in opposing ways that reflect their antithetical roles in the formation of US society. Black people’s enslavement produced an inclusive taxonomy that automatically enslaved the offspring of a slave and any other parent. In the wake of slavery, this taxonomy became fully racialized in the “one-drop rule,”  \nISSN 1462-3528 print; ISSN 1469-9494 online/06=040387-23 \\# 2006 Research Network in Genocide Studies DOI: 10.1080=14623520601056240  \nPATRICK WOLFE  \nwhereby any amount of African ancestry, no matter how remote, and regardless of phenotypical appearance, makes a person Black. For Indians, in stark contrast, non-Indian ancestry compromised their indigeneity, producing “half-breeds,” a regime that persists in the form of blood quantum regulations. As opposed to enslaved people, whose reproduc","cbCairnEv9A7y45a","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairnEv9A7y45a","pdf",252603,3,1,24,"English","en",105,"# Relationship between settler colonialism and genocide\n## Logic of elimination vs genocidal outcomes\n## Race, social construction, and targeted roles\n## Territory and access as primary motive","[{\"question\":\"Why does the article say genocide cannot be explained by attacking a fixed race?\",\"answer\":\"The text emphasizes that race is produced through targeting and social roles, not taken as a given. In particular, racial regimes encode the unequal relationships that settlers impose, shaping how different groups are positioned within elimination practices.\"}]",1783056823,60,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":78,"head_meta":80,"extra_data":82,"updated_unix":28},"settler-colonialism-and-the-elimination-of-the-native","",{"@graph":36,"@context":77},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/settler-colonialism-and-the-elimination-of-the-native/37961/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-08","2026-07-03",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"Why does the article say genocide cannot be explained by attacking a fixed race?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"The text emphasizes that race is produced through targeting and social roles, not taken as a given. In particular, racial regimes encode the unequal relationships that settlers impose, shaping how different groups are positioned within elimination practices.","Answer","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":79,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":81,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":84},[85,89,93,97,101,106,111,114,119,122,126],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":86,"show_sort_weight":87,"slug":88},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":90,"show_sort_weight":91,"slug":92},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":98,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":99,"show_sort_weight":29,"slug":100},5,"Comic","comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":129},19,"General","general"]