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The study analyzes serum Tg alongside spot urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in 730 non-pregnant Guatemalan women aged 15–49 years to identify Tg concentrations matching WHO UIC thresholds. Population-level correlations between spot UIC and Tg, derived via bootstrap k-medians and nonlinear modeling, show a significant U-shaped pattern across WHO categories. Estimated Tg cutoffs include 14.2 ng/ml for UIC insufficiency, 10.2 for adequacy, 8.5 for above-adequate, and 10.8 for excess, suggesting improved discrimination especially at lower UIC values.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/serum-thyroglobulin-levels-are-predictive-of-urinary-iodine-concentration-thresholds-for-defining-population-iodine-status/438979/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/serum-thyroglobulin-levels-are-predictive-of-urinary-iodine-concentration-thresholds-for-defining-population-iodine-status/438979.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Riley","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the study aim to determine about thyroglobulin (Tg)?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It identifies Tg concentrations that correspond to current WHO urinary iodine concentration (UIC) thresholds for defining population iodine status.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the analyses performed to link serum Tg with spot UIC?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Bootstrap stratified finite sampling with replacement generated cluster k-medians of UIC and Tg, followed by nonlinear restricted cubic spline regression and differential-equation-based modeling to derive the Tg threshold.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What Tg cutoff values were derived for different UIC categories?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Derived cutoffs were 14.2 ng/ml for UIC insufficiency, 10.2 ng/ml for UIC adequacy, 8.5 ng/ml for UIC above adequate, and 10.8 ng/ml for UIC excess.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},438979,1791035862,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1374391975076,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253ca4ec9f6853?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1783305029341752051","British Journal of Nutrition  \n[cambridge.org/bjn](cambridge.org/bjn)  \nResearch Article  \nCite this article: Sivalogan K, Flores-Ayala R, Jongstra R, Martinez C, Mendoza R, Palmieri M, Mesarina K, Jefferds ME, and Addo OY (2025) Serum thyroglobulin levels are predictive of urinary iodine concentration thresholds for defining population iodine status. British Journal of Nutrition 134: 705–711 . doi: 10. 1017/ S0007114525105205  \nReceived: 5 November 2024  \nRevised: 17 August 2025  \nAccepted: 12 September 2025  \nFirst published online: 26 September 2025  \nKeywords:  \nIodine; Thyroglobulin; Median urinary iodine; Biomarker assessment  \nAbbreviations:  \nmTg, median thyroglobulin; mUIC, median urinary iodine concentration; SIVESNU, Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Salud y Nutrició n (Epidemiological Health and Nutrition Surveillance System); Tg, thyroglobulin; UIC, urinary iodine concentration  \nCorresponding author:  \nKasthuri Sivalogan;  \nEmail: [kasthuri.sivalogan@emory.edu](kasthuri.sivalogan@emory.edu)  \nThe findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the US Department of Health and Human Services.  \n© The Author(s), 2025 . Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.  \nSerum thyroglobulin levels are predictive of urinary iodine concentration thresholds for defining population iodine status  \nKasthuri Sivalogan1,2 , Rafael Flores-Ayala2, Roelinda Jongstra2,3, Carolina Martinez4, Roberto Mendoza5, Mireya Palmieri4,5, Karla Mesarina4, Maria Elena Jefferds2 and O. Yaw Addo1,2   \n1Nutrition and Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2Nutrition Branch, USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA; 3McKing Consulting Corporation, Atlanta, GA, USA; 4Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP-Guatemala), Guatemala City, Guatemala and 5Secretariat of Food and Nutrition, Guatemala City, Guatemala  \nAbstract  \nThyroglobulin (Tg) has been considered a measure of iodine status, but there is no global guidance. This analysis examines the relationship between serum Tg and spot urinary iodine concentration (UIC) data to identify Tg concentrations that correspond to current WHO thresholds for population iodine status. We analysed data from 730 non-pregnant Guatemalan women aged 15–49 years who had both UIC and Tg measurements. Correlations were examined. Bootstrap stratified finite sampling with replacement was used to generate cluster kmedians of UIC (mUIC) and Tg (mTg) that served as the population unit of analyses. Nonlinear restricted cubic spline regression dose–response curve functions and ordinary differential equations were then used to derive the Tg threshold corresponding to WHO definitions for UIC. Mean age was30·2(SD 9·3)years. mTg was10·4 ng/ml(9·9, 10·8), and mUIC was148·7 μg/ l (139·1, 161·0) . Correlations between spot UIC and Tg were NS at the individual level, but correlations based on population k-medians were significant (Spearman r = −0·21 to −0·06, each P \u003C 0·0001) and demonstrated a U-shaped relationship according to WHO categories. Derived mTg cutoffs were 14·2 ng/ml predictive of UIC insufficiency, 10·2 ng/ml for UIC adequacy, 8·5 ng/ml for UIC above adequate and 10·8 ng/ml for UIC excess. The significant and graded mUIC–mTg correlations suggest that Tg concentrations predictive of UIC categories are obtainable for non-pregnant Guatemalan women aged 15–","cbCaioiYGjLVvRmK","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioiYGjLVvRmK","pdf",671576,"English","# Abstract\n## Study objective and rationale\n## Methods and statistical approach\n## Key results and derived cutoffs\n## Interpretation and implications","[{\"question\":\"What does the study aim to determine about thyroglobulin (Tg)?\",\"answer\":\"It identifies Tg concentrations that correspond to current WHO urinary iodine concentration (UIC) thresholds for defining population iodine status.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the analyses performed to link serum Tg with spot UIC?\",\"answer\":\"Bootstrap stratified finite sampling with replacement generated cluster k-medians of UIC and Tg, followed by nonlinear restricted cubic spline regression and differential-equation-based modeling to derive the Tg threshold.\"},{\"question\":\"What Tg cutoff values were derived for different UIC categories?\",\"answer\":\"Derived cutoffs were 14.2 ng/ml for UIC insufficiency, 10.2 ng/ml for UIC adequacy, 8.5 ng/ml for UIC above adequate, and 10.8 ng/ml for UIC excess.\"}]","Serum thyroglobulin levels are predictive of urinary iodine concentration thresholds for defining population iodine status | PDF",1790687076,18]