[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-108802-en":3,"doc-seo-108802-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},108802,687197207057,"Sage","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","Serbia’s New Growth Agenda - Labor Market for Growth","The report examines Serbia’s labor market challenges in the context of accelerating growth and job creation. It evaluates constraints linked to skills shortages, labor taxes, regulation, and labor market intermediation, drawing on employer survey evidence and labor market data. It highlights gaps in formal private-sector employment and underutilization of key groups, while connecting skills and policy reforms to higher productivity, improved employment outcomes, higher incomes, reduced poverty, and strengthened the middle class.","Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized  \nTHE WORLD BANK SERBIA  \nCountry Economic Memorandum Serbia’s New Growth Agenda  \nLabor market for growth  \nAcknowledgments  \nThis note, written by Trang Nguyen and Gonzalo Reyes, is part of the Serbia Country Economic Memorandum (CEM), prepared under the leadership of Ekaterina Vostroknutova, Trang Nguyen, and Lazar Sestovic. The note draws on work on productivity led by Elwyn Davies and on skills led by Katia  \nHerrera. Trinidad Saavedra provided research support related to the labor force survey data. Valuable comments from Johannes Koettl and Maria Davalos are greatly appreciated. All names are from the World Bank. The team would like to thank all public and private-sector counterparts in Serbia for their collaboration, discussions, and the feedback provided during preparation of the note.  \nThe team is grateful to Linda Van Gelder, Stephen Ndegwa, Gallina Vincelette, Carlos Silva, Cem Mete, Marco Hernandez, Jamele Rigolini, and the Western Balkans Country Management Team (all World Bank) for their guidance and support throughout.  \nContents  \nExecutive Summary....................................................................................................................................... 4  \nIntroduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5  \nLabor Market Overview ................................................................................................................................ 6  \nProgress, but not yet enough.................................................................................................................... 6  \nWhere are the jobs? ............................................................................................................................... 10  \nHow can the labor market be positioned for growth? ........................................................................... 11  \nA skilled workforce for the labor market .................................................................................................... 13  \nLabor taxes, regulation, and intermediation .............................................................................................. 16  \nEmployment legislation .......................................................................................................................... 16  \nLabor taxation in Serbia .......................................................................................................................... 19  \nActive labor market policies.................................................................................................................... 23  \nConclusion................................................................................................................................................... 24  \nExecutive Summary  \nThough in the last few years Serbia has been creating jobs, more are needed if it is to catch up and accelerate growth. Between 2014 and 2018 Serbia created about 240,000 jobs and reduced unemployment from 19.9 to 13.3 percent. Many of the new jobs have been formal private sector, fulltime wage jobs. Recent labor market improvements have also benefited vulnerable groups like women, older workers, and youth. Yet if by 2025 it is to match employment rates in the small transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), Serbia will need to create 500,000 jobs—100,000 a year.  \nTo spur growth and job creation, it is critical that Serbia address its labor market challenges. Among them are too few formal, private-sector jobs; underutilization of the full workforce, such as youth, women, and the Roma population; and stagnant labor productivity and real wages. Robust increases in employment will require the country to work through a comprehensive agenda: boosting private-sector job creation on the demand side; reducing barrie","cbCaijGGgvl2c1BC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijGGgvl2c1BC","pdf",1945402,4,1,25,"English","en",105,"# Executive Summary\n# Introduction\n# Labor Market Overview\n## Progress, but not yet enough\n## Where are the jobs?\n## How can the labor market be positioned for growth?\n## A skilled workforce for the labor market\n## Labor taxes, regulation, and intermediation\n## Employment legislation\n## Labor taxation in Serbia\n## Active labor market policies\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What job creation and unemployment trends does the report highlight for Serbia?\",\"answer\":\"Serbia created about 240,000 jobs between 2014 and 2018 and reduced unemployment from 19.9% to 13.3%. The report notes that job creation must accelerate further to catch up with comparable transition economies by 2025.\"},{\"question\":\"Which labor market problems are identified as key barriers to growth?\",\"answer\":\"The report points to too few formal private-sector jobs, underutilization of the workforce (including youth, women, and the Roma population), and stagnant labor productivity and real wages. It also emphasizes difficulties related to skills and constraints on business.\"},{\"question\":\"How do skills and labor market policies relate to employment and productivity?\",\"answer\":\"Improving skills and reforming labor market policies are presented as levers to increase both employment and productivity. The report links employer-identified constraints—especially labor taxes and lack of experienced workers—to the need for targeted policy recommendations.\"}]",1784474018,63,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"serbias-new-growth-agenda-labor-market-for-growth","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/serbias-new-growth-agenda-labor-market-for-growth/108802/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-30","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What job creation and unemployment trends does the report highlight for Serbia?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Serbia created about 240,000 jobs between 2014 and 2018 and reduced unemployment from 19.9% to 13.3%. The report notes that job creation must accelerate further to catch up with comparable transition economies by 2025.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"Which labor market problems are identified as key barriers to growth?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The report points to too few formal private-sector jobs, underutilization of the workforce (including youth, women, and the Roma population), and stagnant labor productivity and real wages. It also emphasizes difficulties related to skills and constraints on business.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"How do skills and labor market policies relate to employment and productivity?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Improving skills and reforming labor market policies are presented as levers to increase both employment and productivity. The report links employer-identified constraints—especially labor taxes and lack of experienced workers—to the need for targeted policy recommendations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]