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Gender and Opinions of Tenure Criteria in Canada","","The article examines how university reward structures and tenure-evaluation criteria shape faculty perceptions of academic success in Canada, with attention to gender differences. The study identifies a consistent implicit gender bias that can devalue service and teamwork, especially among natural sciences and engineering faculty. It uses a comparative qualitative approach, showing more cross-gender similarities than differences, including shared calls for a more modern success definition. The findings highlight a mismatch between traditional criteria and faculty understandings of worthwhile labour.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/sensible-or-outdated-gender-and-opinions-of-tenure-criteria-in-canada/596810/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/sensible-or-outdated-gender-and-opinions-of-tenure-criteria-in-canada/596810.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Danger Angel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the study examine about tenure criteria in Canada?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It investigates how faculty in Canadian natural sciences and engineering departments define academic success and how they view the inclusiveness of existing tenure-related criteria.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What gender-related differences did the authors find?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The authors find gender differences in faculty opinions of traditional criteria, consistent with an implicit gender bias that can devalue service and teamwork.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do the results characterize cross-gender similarities?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Despite some differences, the comparative qualitative analysis finds more similarities than differences, with many men also wanting a more modern definition of success.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},596810,1792209297,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36,"preview_page_count":4},962090769052,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Canadian Journal of Higher Education Revue canadienne d’enseignement supérieur Volume 49, No. 2, 2019, pages 1-16  \nSensible or Outdated? Gender and Opinions of Tenure Criteria in Canada  \nJennifer Dengate University of Manitoba  \nAnnemieke Farenhorst  \nUniversity of Manitoba  \nTracey Peter  \nUniversity of Manitoba  \nAbstract  \nThe university reward structure has traditionally placed greater value on individual research excellence for tenure and promotion, influencing faculty’sallocation of time and definition of worthwhile labour. We find gender differences in Canadian natural sciences and engineering faculty’s opinions of the traditional criteria for measuring academic success that are consistent with an implicit gender bias devaluing service and teamwork. Most women recommend significant changes to the traditional model and its foundation, while a substantial minority of men support the status quo. However, this comparative qualitative analysis finds more cross-gender similarities than differences, as most men also want a more modern definition of success, perceiving the traditional model to be disproportionately supportive of one type of narrow research scholarship that does not align with the realities of most faculty’s efforts. Thus, this study suggests a discrepancy between traditional success criteria and faculty’s understanding of worthwhile labour.  \nRésumé  \nDans un paradigme plus traditionnel, l’évaluation du rendement en milieu universitaire a eu tendance à privilégier la recherche individuelle dans le cadre dela promotion et del’octroi dela permanence. Cette tendance a eu pour effet  \nCJHE / RCES Volume 49, No. 2, 2019  \nGendered Definitions of Academic Success / J. Dengate, A. Farenhorst, & T. Peter 2  \nd’influencer les chercheurs et les chercheuses dans leur emploi du temps et dans leur conception d’un travail valorisant. Nous signalons la présence de différences liées au genre dans les opinions du corps professoral en sciences pures et en ingénierie au Canada quant à l’évaluation du rendement qui sontcohérentes avec des préjugéssexistesquidévalorisentle service à la collectivité et la collaboration. La majorité des femmes revendiquent des changements importantspar rapport au paradigme dominant et aux modèles traditionnels, alors qu’une minorité significative des hommes défend le statu quo. Notre analyse comparative qualitative indique toutefois plus de similitudes que de différences entre les sexes : la plupart des hommes souhaitent également unedéfinition actualisée du rendement, car le paradigme traditionnel a tendance à privilégier un seul type de recherche qui ne se fait pas le reflet des activitésprofessionnelles du corps professoral. Cette étude présentedonc un écart entre le rendement tel qu’il est défini de manière traditionnelle et les conceptions actuelles du travail dit valorisant au sein du corps professoral.  \nAcknowledgements  \nThe authors are grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions; and would like to thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Women in Sciences and Engineering Program for supporting this research.  \nIntroduction  \nInstitutional criteria for success are vital in achieving tenure and promotion, influencing university faculty’s allocation of time and definition of worthwhile labour. In 2017, nearly 28% of all Canadian full professors were women, up from 20.3% in 2007 (CAUT, 2018) . However, women in natural sciences and engineering (NSE) were more likely tobe assistant and associate professors than full professors (CAUT, 2018) . In 2014, fewer than 20% of full professors in fields such as agriculture, computer science, and physical sciences were women. Moreover, it may take significantly longer for women to advance in NSE fields, relative to men (Ornstein, Stewart, & Drakich, 2007). Together, this evidence suggests women in male-dominated NSE may be encountering stronger barriers to advancement, relative to more gender balanced fie","cbCaitIumzgM4bXO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitIumzgM4bXO","pdf",235493,16,"English","# Abstract\n# Résumé\n# Acknowledgements\n# Introduction\n## Institutional criteria for success\n## The traditional model of faculty success\n## Research questions and context\n# Literature Review\n## Gendered organizations framework","[{\"question\":\"What does the study examine about tenure criteria in Canada?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates how faculty in Canadian natural sciences and engineering departments define academic success and how they view the inclusiveness of existing tenure-related criteria.\"},{\"question\":\"What gender-related differences did the authors find?\",\"answer\":\"The authors find gender differences in faculty opinions of traditional criteria, consistent with an implicit gender bias that can devalue service and teamwork.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the results characterize cross-gender similarities?\",\"answer\":\"Despite some differences, the comparative qualitative analysis finds more similarities than differences, with many men also wanting a more modern definition of success.\"}]","Sensible or Outdated? Gender and Opinions of Tenure Criteria in Canada | PDF",1792083773]