[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-599928-105":59,"doc-detail-599928-en":134},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":127,"head_meta":129,"extra_data":131,"updated_unix":133},105,"en","self-compassion-levels-in-music-and-non-music-students","Self-Compassion Levels in Music and Non-Music Students","","Study purpose focuses on how college-age music students report self-compassion compared with non-music peers. Self-compassion is treated as an alternative to self-esteem and is examined using the 26-item Self-Compassion Scale across two data collections, with performance anxiety frequency added in the second study. Results show no significant self-compassion differences between groups, yet performance anxiety correlates with the overidentification subcomponent, suggesting a link between musicians’ anxiety and perceived self-compassion.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/self-compassion-levels-in-music-and-non-music-students/599928/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/self-compassion-levels-in-music-and-non-music-students/599928.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"PakDamar76","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of the study comparing music and non-music students?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To examine how college-age music students report self-compassion compared with non-music students, based on expected differences between groups.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were self-compassion levels measured?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Self-compassion was evaluated using the 26-item Self-Compassion Scale, and the second study included a self-report prompt on the frequency of performance anxiety.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the studies find about self-compassion differences between groups?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Both studies found no significant differences in self-compassion levels between music and non-music groups.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"How did performance anxiety relate to self-compassion in the results?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"A significant correlation was detected between experiences of performance anxiety and the self-compassion subcomponent overidentification.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},599928,1792165576,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":143,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":148,"read_time":149},962090893057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Contributions to Music Education Vol. 44, pp. 167-184.  \nJaMey Kelley University of North Texas  \nalison Farley University of Georgia  \nSelf-Compassion Levels in Music and Non-Music Students  \nSelf-compassion is a relatively new construct that is viewed as an alternative to self-esteem  .  \nSelf-compassion can be described as how individuals view themselves when encountering failure or obstacles  . The purpose of this study was to examine how college-age music students report self-compassion in comparison to non-music students  . We hypothesized a difference in self-compassion levels between music students and non-music students as there are reported differences in personality traits and anxiety between musicians and their non-music peers  . Self-compassion levels were evaluated in two data collections using the 26-item Self-Compassion Scale with an added self-report prompt examining frequency of performance anxiety in the second study . Both studies revealed no significant difference in self-compassion levels between groups, although a significant correlation was detected between experiences of performance anxiety and a self-compassion subcomponent: overidentification  . While these results did not reveal a difference between groups, performance anxiety in musicians may be related to perceived self-compassion  .  \nKeywords: self-compassion, self-esteem, music study, performance anxiety  \nIntroduction  \nAmong music education practitioners, there is a widespread belief that music study can help build healthy levels of self-esteem (Duerksen & Darrow, 1991; Fisher, 1988) . Self-esteem can be described as an individual’s sense of self-worth, perceived value, or how much one likes oneself (Neff, 2003a). Among the many findings on self-esteem since the early 1980s, researchers have identified a strong relationship between self-esteem levels and mental health outcomes. For instance, individuals who reported having low self-esteem were significantly more likely to experience suicidal ideations, a lack of motivation, or depression (see Harter, 1999,  \nContributions to Music Education  \nfor a review), while individuals identified as having high levels of self-esteem were more likely to report higher satisfaction in life or general happiness (Baumeister, Campbell, Krueger, & Vohs, 2003) . Many programs, including educational and arts interventions, have been developed to promote healthy levels of self-esteem within young people.  \nConsequently, researchers in music education have investigated if music study promotes healthy self-esteem in students, to mixed results. Early studies that first explored the relationship between self-esteem and music study reported significant relationships, although most of these results are qualified in some way. Nolinand Vander Ark (1977) reported significant differences in self-esteem between ninth-grade choral and band students and those who did not participate in music; however, the researchers found multiple differences between the two observed groups in addition to self-esteem, including socio-economic status and attitudes toward music. Additionally, Duke, Flowers, and Wolfe (1997) surveyed a large sample of piano students from various parts of the United States inquiring about the participants’ parents, teachers, and experience as a piano student. Students, parents, and teachers reported that piano study had a significant positive impact on the piano students, including higher self-esteem and feelings of happiness. Despite these results, the relationship between music tuition and high self-esteem is unclear due to many confounding variables, such as supportive parents or disposable income, that may account for the relationship observed between self-esteem and positive mental outcomes. More recently, Rickard et al. (2013) reported an increase of self-esteem in elementary students when incorporating additional music classes to their curriculum when compared to control groups; however, the same increase","cbCaiosr36ZWdu7N","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiosr36ZWdu7N","pdf",168085,18,"English","# Introduction\n## Self-compassion construct and study purpose\n## Self-esteem and mental health context in music education\n## Prior research: self-esteem outcomes with music study\n## Research gaps and study rationale","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the study comparing music and non-music students?\",\"answer\":\"To examine how college-age music students report self-compassion compared with non-music students, based on expected differences between groups.\"},{\"question\":\"How were self-compassion levels measured?\",\"answer\":\"Self-compassion was evaluated using the 26-item Self-Compassion Scale, and the second study included a self-report prompt on the frequency of performance anxiety.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the studies find about self-compassion differences between groups?\",\"answer\":\"Both studies found no significant differences in self-compassion levels between music and non-music groups.\"},{\"question\":\"How did performance anxiety relate to self-compassion in the results?\",\"answer\":\"A significant correlation was detected between experiences of performance anxiety and the self-compassion subcomponent overidentification.\"}]","Self-Compassion Levels in Music and Non-Music Students | PDF",1792089705,45]