[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-367037-105":59,"doc-detail-367037-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","section-21-pediatric-assessment-process-and-management","Section 21 - Pediatric Assessment Process and Management","","Defines pediatric patients as those age 15 and under, explaining how pediatric assessment relies on overall impression, physical findings, and event history. Highlights why children compensate for respiratory failure and shock, making vital signs late or misleading indicators. Introduces the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) for rapid, doorway-based evaluation, covering appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin. Emphasizes early recognition and treatment to improve outcomes, and outlines how to interpret specific presentation features.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/section-21-pediatric-assessment-process-and-management/367037/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/section-21-pediatric-assessment-process-and-management/367037.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sarah ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How is a pediatric patient defined in this document?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"A patient fifteen (15) years of age and under is considered a pediatric patient. Patients 16 years of age or older are treated with adult protocols.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why can pediatric vital signs be misleading during assessment?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Children may compensate for respiratory failure and shock, so vital signs can remain normal until decompensation occurs. Hypotension is a late and sudden sign, tachycardia may persist until reserve is depleted, and bradycardia can indicate impending cardiac arrest.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What are the three key components of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The PAT includes appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin. These are assessed as part of a general impression, ideally from the doorway to avoid disturbing the child.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},367037,1790194823,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36},962085320529,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Section 21  \nPediatric Assessment Process  \nAnd Management  \nDeveloped January 2024  \nTable of Contents  \nPediatric Assessment Process and Management .......................................................................................... 21.A.1  \nPediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) ................................................................................................ ........... 21.B.1  \nPediatric Age Definitions ............................................................................................................................. 21.C.1  \nAssessment of the Pediatric Patient   21.D. 1  \nRoutine Pediatric Care Protocol   21.E. 1  \nPediatric Assessment Process and Management  \nA patient fifteen (15) years of age and under is considered to be a pediatric patient. Utilization of pediatric treatment guidelines and the extent of care rendered are based on the general impression of the pediatric patient's condition, physical examination findings and the history of the event. Patients 16 years of age or older will treated with adult protocols. The goal of the pediatric patient assessment process is similar to that of the adult patient. However, children are not “little adults”. The causes of catastrophic events, such as cardiac arrest, are most often related to respiratory failure, shock or central nervous system injuries. Early recognition and treatment of the pediatric patient's injuries or illness is important to ensure the best outcome.  \nSpecial attention and awareness must be given to the pediatric patient's exceptional ability to compensate for respiratory failure and shock. Vital signs are valuable in the assessment of the pediatric patient but do have significant limitations and can be dangerously misleading. For example, hypotension is a late and often sudden sign of cardiovascular decompensation. Tachycardia (which varies by age group) will persist until cardiac reserve is depleted. Bradycardia is an ominous sign of impending cardiac arrest.  \nInfants and children are able to maintain their blood pressure by increasing peripheral vascular resistance (shunting) and increasing heart rate. The pediatric patient can be in compensated shock and exhibit a normal blood pressure and skin condition. This increases the importance of the EMS provider understanding of pediatric vital signs and behavior patterns.  \nThe EMS provider must establish a general impression of the pediatric patient. This impression, which is critical, should be done from the doorway of the room. Therefore, the pediatric patient will not be disturbed by a \"hands-on\" assessment. A simple question to ask yourself is, \"How sick is this child?\"  \nThree (3) key areas of importance of a general impression are:  \n1. Appearance  \n2. Work of breathing  \n3. Circulation to skin  \nThe three components are known as the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) established by the American Academy of Pediatrics (2000) .  \n\n| \u003Cbr>Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)\u003Cbr>Appearance\u003Cbr>The appearance of the pediatric patient should be assessed from the doorway. This is the most important aspect to consider when determining how sick or injured the child is. Appearance will give the EMS provider insight on oxygenation, neurological status and ventilation. Remember, the sick child may be alert on the conventional AVPU scale, but still have an abnormal appearance. Children need a more subtle assessment toolso that life-threatening injuries can be identified earlier. A good mnemonic to remember when assessing appearance is \"tickles\" (TICLS): |  | |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  |  |\n| \u003Cbr>Characteristic | Features to look for: |  |\n| \u003Cbr>Tone | Is he/she moving or resisting examination vigorously? Does he/she have good muscle tone? Or, is he/she limp, listless, or flaccid? |  |\n| \u003Cbr>Interactiveness | How alert is the child? How readily does a person, object, or sound distract him/ her or draw his/ her attention? Will he/she reach for, grasp and play with a toy or exam instrum","cbCaio7ZEBVMwFvW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaio7ZEBVMwFvW","pdf",372269,16,"English","# Pediatric Assessment Process and Management\n## Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)\n## Pediatric Age Definitions\n## Assessment of the Pediatric Patient\n## Routine Pediatric Care Protocol\n## Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) - Putting it all Together","[{\"question\":\"How is a pediatric patient defined in this document?\",\"answer\":\"A patient fifteen (15) years of age and under is considered a pediatric patient. Patients 16 years of age or older are treated with adult protocols.\"},{\"question\":\"Why can pediatric vital signs be misleading during assessment?\",\"answer\":\"Children may compensate for respiratory failure and shock, so vital signs can remain normal until decompensation occurs. Hypotension is a late and sudden sign, tachycardia may persist until reserve is depleted, and bradycardia can indicate impending cardiac arrest.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the three key components of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)?\",\"answer\":\"The PAT includes appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin. These are assessed as part of a general impression, ideally from the doorway to avoid disturbing the child.\"}]","Section 21 - Pediatric Assessment Process and Management | PDF",1790168921]