[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-125707-en":3,"doc-seo-125707-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},125707,16904993612988,"Olivia Brown","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd",8,"Research & Report","Scientific reference style using rule-based machine learning","Regular expressions (RegEx) are used as a supervised learning technique to detect and convert distinct academic reference formats within scientific text. A method is proposed to recognize patterns of reference styles and transform one referencing format into others according to publication or conference needs. Experiments use a dataset spanning seven classes from papers, journals, conference proceedings, and books, evaluating performance with similarity ratio and Levenshtein distance. Results reach 57.26%–57.56% accuracy for book and journal references, 97.8% similarity with Levenshtein distance 2, and the best APA journal performance (99.97% similarity, distance 1), outperforming baseline machine learning models.","Scientific reference style using rule-based machine learning  \nAfrida Helen a, 1,*, Aditya Pradana a,2, Muhammad Afif a,3  \na Computer Science Departement, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia  \n[1](1 helen@unpad.ac.id)[ helen@unpad.ac.id](1 helen@unpad.ac.id); [2](2 aditya.pradana@unpad.ac.id)[ aditya.pradana@unpad.ac.id](2 aditya.pradana@unpad.ac.id); [3](3 afif_muhammad9910@yahoo.com)[ afif_muhammad9910@yahoo.com](3 afif_muhammad9910@yahoo.com)  \n* corresponding author  \nARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT  \n\n| Article history\u003Cbr>Received March 18, 2023\u003Cbr>Revised April 28, 2023\u003Cbr>Accepted April 29, 2023\u003Cbr>Available online November 30, 2023\u003Cbr>Keywords\u003Cbr>Regular expression Reference writing style Scientific paper Levenshtein distance Similarity ratio | Regular Expressions (RegEx) can be employed as a technique for supervised learning to define and search for specific patterns inside text. This work devised a method that utilizes regular expressions to convert the reference style of academic papers into several styles, dependent on the specific needs of the target publication or conference. Our research aimed to detect distinctive patterns of reference styles using RegEx and compare them with a dataset including various reference styles. We gathered a diverse range of reference format categories, encompassing seven distinct classes, from various sources such as academic papers, journals, conference proceedings, and books. Our approach involves employing RegEx to convert one referencing format to another based on the user's specific preferences. The proposed model demonstrated an accuracy of 57.26% for book references and 57.56% for journal references. We used the similarity ratio and Levenshtein distance to evaluate the dataset's performance. The model achieved a 97.8% similarity ratio with a Levenshtein distance of 2. Notably, the APA style for journal references yielded the best results. However, the effectiveness of the extraction function varies depending on the reference style. For APA style, the model showed a 99.97% similarity ratio with a Levenshtein distance of 1. Overall, our proposed model outperforms baseline machine learning models in this task. This study introduces an automated program that utilizes regular expressions to modify academic reference formats. This will enhance the efficiency, precision, and adaptability of academic publishing.\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>This is an open access article under the CC–BY-SA license\u003Cbr> |\n| --- | --- |\n\n1. Introduction  \nIn computer science, rule-based machine learning (RBML) refers to any machine learning method that identifies, learns, manipulate, or apply some data [1] . A rule-based is distinguished by the identification and application a set of relational rules that collectively represent the knowledge captured by the system [2], [3]. A specific Rule-Based is Regular Expression method (RegEx) . RegEx is a learning method that can identify a pattern of string in a sentence [4], [5] . This study proposed the regular expressions to convert scientific reference style to another style, since regular expressions provide an automated method for processing a collection of string. The regular expressions method is the method that use symbols or other special characters to indicate patterns in sentences [6], [7] . Scientific articles use several different reference styles. Some are quite similar, while others are vastly different. Each proceeding or journal is given its own reference format style. Scientific reference style usually used including the Modern Language Association, also known as MLA, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, also known as IEEE, the Harvard format, the American Psychological Association, also known as APA, the Springer reference format style, the Springer Lecture Notes in  \nComputer Science reference format style, and the Chicago format style. When authors compose journal or proceeding articles, they have to adjust the reference style based on the journal","cbCaifAHpGSxGxSX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifAHpGSxGxSX","pdf",395729,1,13,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# 1. Introduction\n# 2. Method","[{\"question\":\"How does the proposed approach convert scientific reference styles between formats?\",\"answer\":\"It uses RegEx to recognize distinctive patterns in reference strings and then reconstructs them into target formats based on user preferences and the detected style class.\"},{\"question\":\"What dataset and style categories are used for training and evaluation?\",\"answer\":\"The method trains and tests on a dataset covering seven reference format classes drawn from academic papers, journals, conference proceedings, and books.\"},{\"question\":\"Which metrics are used to assess model performance and what are the key results?\",\"answer\":\"Performance is evaluated with similarity ratio and Levenshtein distance, achieving 97.8% similarity with distance 2 overall, and the best results for APA journal references with 99.97% similarity and distance 1.\"}]","Scientific reference style using rule-based machine learning | PDF",1785900756,33,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"scientific-reference-style-using-rule-based-machine-learning","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/scientific-reference-style-using-rule-based-machine-learning/125707/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-05",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"How does the proposed approach convert scientific reference styles between formats?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"It uses RegEx to recognize distinctive patterns in reference strings and then reconstructs them into target formats based on user preferences and the detected style class.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"What dataset and style categories are used for training and evaluation?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The method trains and tests on a dataset covering seven reference format classes drawn from academic papers, journals, conference proceedings, and books.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"Which metrics are used to assess model performance and what are the key results?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Performance is evaluated with similarity ratio and Levenshtein distance, achieving 97.8% similarity with distance 2 overall, and the best results for APA journal references with 99.97% similarity and distance 1.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]