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Performance level descriptors translate statewide assessment outcomes into classroom instruction, describing how student proficiency varies across observable performance characteristics and multiple pathways. The document outlines science proficiency from below to above proficient for grades 3-5, focusing on Earth and Space Science skills such as rock layers, the sun as a star, shadows, weather patterns, climate data, weathering versus erosion, and interactions among Earth’s spheres.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/science-grades-3-5-detailed-proficiency-level-descriptors/538207/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/science-grades-3-5-detailed-proficiency-level-descriptors/538207.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dawugda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-10-10",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of performance level descriptors in this document?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They connect state assessment results to classroom instruction and formative assessment systems, defining how academic proficiency shows up in observable student performance.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does difficulty relate to student proficiency?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Proficiency is influenced by the complexity of texts or stimuli, the tasks students complete, and the contexts in which they work. As performance improves, students can handle more challenging materials more accurately and consistently.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What Earth and Space Science skills are assessed for grade 3-5?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Examples include identifying rock layers, recognizing the sun as a star, explaining why shadows change, interpreting weather patterns and climate data, distinguishing weathering from erosion, and modeling interactions among Earth’s spheres.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},538207,1791731826,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},3985747870947,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","| \u003Cbr>|  | Theory of Action: Academic standards represent a collective commitment around what students should learn each year. The state assessment asks students to demonstrate their knowledge, skills, and understanding related to these standards using a common measure. The resulting data allows us to see patterns in performance that should guide school and district improvement, helping identify areas of strength and opportunity.\u003Cbr>Role of Performance Level Descriptors in Defining Proficiency: Performance level descriptors bridge the state assessment to classroom instruction and the systems of formative assessments that guide local instruction and choices about individual students. Academic proficiency represents a range of observable student performance characteristics. There are multiple pathways to proficiency, and students rely upon their strengths differently within that range of performance. |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| \u003Cbr>SCIENCE GRADES 3-5 |  | Proficiency and Difficulty: A student’s ability to demonstrate proficiency is influenced by the complexity of the texts or stimuli presented, tasks they’re asked to complete, and the contexts in which they are engaged. As student performance improves, students are typically able to handle more challenging texts/stimuli, tasks, and contexts, and are able to demonstrate their skills and knowledge more accurately and consistently. |  |  |  |\n| Earth and Space Science Student performance indicates the ability to… |  |  |  |  |  |\n| ESS | Below Proficient |  | Approaching Proficient | Proficient | Above Proficient |\n| 4-ESS1-1 | Identify different rock layers. |  | Describe different rock layers.\u003Cbr>Identify which Earth layers are the oldest and which are the newest. | Use evidence to explain how the different rock layers allow us to see how the Earth’s environment, in general, has changed over time. | Use evidence to explain how the different rock layers allow us to see how the Earth’s environment has changed over time in a specific location. |\n| 5-ESS1-1 | Identify the sun as a star. |  | Describe that the sun is the brightest and largest star. | Argue, from evidence, that the sun, a star, appears larger and brighter than other stars due to its distance from the Earth. | Use evidence to argue why the sun appears larger and brighter than other stars compared to Earth. |\n\n| ESS | Below Proficient | Approaching Proficient | Proficient | Above Proficient |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 5-ESS1-2 | Recognize changes in shadows overtime.\u003Cbr>Identify that Earth rotates on its axis. | Use a model to explain why shadows change size or position at different times.\u003Cbr>Describe patterns that can be explained by the Earth rotating on its axis. | Use a model to explain why shadows change size and position at different times.\u003Cbr>Use graphical evidence, such as bar graphs, pictographs, and pie charts, to describe patterns such as day and night, and the seasonal appearance of some stars in the night sky. | Create a model to explain why shadows change size and position at different times.\u003Cbr>Develop graphical evidence such as bar graphs, pictographs, and pie charts, to describe patterns such as day and night, and the seasonal appearance of some stars in the night sky. |\n| 4-ESS2-2 | Identify mountain ranges, deep ocean trenches, ocean floor structures, and volcanoes. | Use maps (or other graphical data) to identify a single pattern in the location of Earth features. | Use maps (or other graphical data) to identify multiple patterns in the location of Earth features. | Use maps and other graphical data to compare patterns in the location of a variety of Earth’s features. |\n| 3-ESS2-1 | Identify patterns of the weather across different times and areas. | Identify data in tables, bar graphs, or pictographs to record patterns of the weather across different times and areas. | Represent data in tables, bar graphs, and pictographs to record patterns of the weather across differe","cbCaidMAc6ZWbkFP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidMAc6ZWbkFP","pdf",337986,"English","# Theory of Action\n## Role of Performance Level Descriptors\n# Earth and Space Science Proficiency Levels\n## Proficiency and Difficulty\n### 4-ESS1-1 Rock Layers\n### 5-ESS1-1 The Sun as a Star\n### 5-ESS1-2 Shadows and Earth Rotation\n### 4-ESS2-1 Weathering and Erosion\n### 5-ESS2-1 Earth System Spheres\n### 5-ESS2-2 Distribution of Salt and Fresh Water","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of performance level descriptors in this document?\",\"answer\":\"They connect state assessment results to classroom instruction and formative assessment systems, defining how academic proficiency shows up in observable student performance.\"},{\"question\":\"How does difficulty relate to student proficiency?\",\"answer\":\"Proficiency is influenced by the complexity of texts or stimuli, the tasks students complete, and the contexts in which they work. As performance improves, students can handle more challenging materials more accurately and consistently.\"},{\"question\":\"What Earth and Space Science skills are assessed for grade 3-5?\",\"answer\":\"Examples include identifying rock layers, recognizing the sun as a star, explaining why shadows change, interpreting weather patterns and climate data, distinguishing weathering from erosion, and modeling interactions among Earth’s spheres.\"}]","SCIENCE GRADES 3-5 - Detailed Proficiency Level Descriptors | PDF",1791606358]