[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-603019-105":59,"doc-detail-603019-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","school-building-conditions-influence-on-student-behavior-in-a-medium-sized-division-in-virginia","SCHOOL BUILDING CONDITIONS’ INFLUENCE ON STUDENT BEHAVIOR IN A MEDIUM-SIZED DIVISION IN VIRGINIA","","The study examined how school building conditions relate to overall student behavior and to behavior patterns among Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, and Students with Disabilities (SWD) in a medium-sized Virginia school division. Researchers used facility engineering conditions and the CAPE instrument to quantify facility condition scores, while controlling for overcrowdedness, socioeconomic status, and attendance. Quantitative hierarchical regression and ANOVA (SPSS) assessed discipline-incidence ratios and subgroup outcomes, finding notable subgroup-specific associations between higher absenteeism and disciplinary incidences and several facility-condition links for Hispanic and SWD students.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/school-building-conditions-influence-on-student-behavior-in-a-medium-sized-division-in-virginia/603019/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/school-building-conditions-influence-on-student-behavior-in-a-medium-sized-division-in-virginia/603019.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"MrHarris58","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How were building conditions measured in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Building conditions were determined through facility engineering and educational condition. Facility Condition Indexes (FCIs) described engineering conditions, and the CAPE instrument assessed educational conditions via overall, structural, and cosmetic scores administered by principals.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which student behavior indicators were used?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Student behavior was measured using overall behavior indexes and subgroup-based behavior indexes, expressed as the ratio of discipline incidents to student population. Overcrowdedness indexes, free and reduced-price lunch percentages, and attendance indexes (absent at least 10% of the academic year) were also used.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the key findings regarding facility conditions and student behavior?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Higher disciplinary incidences were linked to higher absenteeism across all student groups. Facility conditions showed no statistically significant relationships with overall student behavior or with Caucasian and African American behavior, while some Hispanic and SWD disciplinary incidence patterns related to improved cosmetic and overall facility conditions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},603019,1792188937,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},687212988360,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","SCHOOL BUILDING CONDITIONS’ INFLUENCE ON STUDENT BEHAVIOR IN A MEDIUM-SIZED DIVISION IN VIRGINIA  \nKHALED W. EL-NEMR  \nFloyd T. Binns Middle School, Culpeper, Virginia, USA  \nCAROL S. CASH  \nVirginia Tech, USA  \nABSTRACT  \nThe study examined the relationship between building conditions and overall student behavior as well as the relationship between building conditions and the behaviors of student subgroups that include Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, and Students with Disabilities (SWD). The study controlled for over-crowdedness, socioeconomic status, and attendance. The study included 10 school facilities in a medium-sized school division in Virginia. Building conditions were determined through facility engineering and educational condition. Facility Condition Indexes (FCIs) described facility engineering conditions. The Revised Commonwealth Assessment of Physical Environment (CAPE) instrument initially developed by Cash (1993) and revised by Cash and Earthman (2019) assessed facility educational conditions. The CAPE instrument provided overall, structural, and cosmetic facility condition scores and was administered by principals.  \nStudent behavior was determined by student overall behavior indexes as well as subgroup-based behavior indexes representing the ratio of discipline incidents divided by student population. School-specific over-crowdedness indexes were utilized. Free and reduced-price lunch percentages were used as a measure of socioeconomic status. For attendance, the study used attendance indexes described by the percentage of students who were absent at least 10% of the academic year.  \nTo establish the potential relationships between building conditions and student behavior in each student subgroup, the study used quantitative analysis utilizing hierarchical multiple-variable regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The researchers conducted individual single-predictor and multiple-variable hierarchical regression models. ANOVA was utilized to explain the total variance in the regression model, and the variance due to each predictor.  \nThe study identified that higher numbers ofdisciplinary incidences were related to higher absenteeism rates within all student groups. Lower numbers of Hispanic student disciplinary incidences were associated with poorer student populations. In terms of facility conditions, lower numbers of Hispanic student and SWD disciplinary incidences were associated with improved cosmetic facility conditions and lower numbers ofSWD disciplinary incidences were associated with improved overall facility conditions. There were no statistically significant relationships between facility conditions and overall student behavior as well as Caucasian and African American student behavior.  \nOVERVIEW  \nThe average age of public-school buildings in the United States exceeded 50 years and many of these school facilities are nearing the end of their functional life span (Magzamen et al., 2017) . In  \nEducational Planning | Spring 2022 43 Vol. 29, No. 2  \na 2019 study, the US General Accounting Office identified an estimated 54% of schools nationally requiring updates or replacement of multiple school systems (US General Accounting Office, 2020)”type”:”report”},”uris”:[“[http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=ed1aeb4c-bd89-49e1-](http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=ed1aeb4c-bd89-49e1-)[aac0-5a9cea29ae97](aac0-5a9cea29ae97)”]}],”mendeley”:{“formattedCitation”:”(US General Accounting Office, 2020. The US General Accounting Office (2020) estimated that heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems needed to be updated or replaced in at least half the school buildings in 41% of school districts representing 36,000 schools nationally. The US General Accounting Office (2020) estimated percentages of school districts with at least half of schools needing update, repair, or replacement of key building systems or features that includ","cbCaigK1O2riDBrO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigK1O2riDBrO","pdf",185335,18,"English","# Overview\n## Historical perspective\n## Study design and measures","[{\"question\":\"How were building conditions measured in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Building conditions were determined through facility engineering and educational condition. Facility Condition Indexes (FCIs) described engineering conditions, and the CAPE instrument assessed educational conditions via overall, structural, and cosmetic scores administered by principals.\"},{\"question\":\"Which student behavior indicators were used?\",\"answer\":\"Student behavior was measured using overall behavior indexes and subgroup-based behavior indexes, expressed as the ratio of discipline incidents to student population. Overcrowdedness indexes, free and reduced-price lunch percentages, and attendance indexes (absent at least 10% of the academic year) were also used.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings regarding facility conditions and student behavior?\",\"answer\":\"Higher disciplinary incidences were linked to higher absenteeism across all student groups. Facility conditions showed no statistically significant relationships with overall student behavior or with Caucasian and African American behavior, while some Hispanic and SWD disciplinary incidence patterns related to improved cosmetic and overall facility conditions.\"}]","SCHOOL BUILDING CONDITIONS’ INFLUENCE ON STUDENT BEHAVIOR IN A MEDIUM-SIZED DIVISION IN VIRGINIA | PDF",1792095589,45]