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In Turkey, existing measurement tools have been adapted and further developed for the Turkish educational management context. This study re-examines planned leadership behaviors of school administrators and develops a 30-item scale. Data from 360 administrators were analyzed using factor analysis and confirmatory testing, with Cronbach Alpha assessed for reliability.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/scheduled-leadership-behaviors-scale-for-school-administrators-validity-and-reliability-study/602831/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/scheduled-leadership-behaviors-scale-for-school-administrators-validity-and-reliability-study/602831.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dabgoudw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the core purpose of this study on scheduled leadership behaviors?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To re-approach school administrators’ scheduled leadership behaviors and develop a measurement scale within that framework.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the data analyzed to establish validity and reliability?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to assess suitability, sample efficiency, and validation, while Cronbach Alpha was computed for internal consistency.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How many items are included in the developed scale and what dimensions does it form?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The scale contains 30 items and is described as having a four-factor structure: Development and Cooperation, Culture, Vision and Responsibility, and Chances and Opportunities.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602831,1792598546,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747860484,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Scheduled Leadership Behaviors Scale for School Administrators: Validity and Reliability Study  \nSeda ŞAYAN KÖSEM1  \nMinistry of Education  \nMustafa Aydın BAŞAR2  \nCanakkale Onsekiz Mart University  \nAbstract  \nScheduled leadership can be defined as empowering individuals with the exception of the team's top manager with ‘freedom of acting and decision making.’ A wide range of measurement tools have been developed with the aim of measuring planned private leadership. In Turkey, the studies have begun to adapt it to our language and have continued to develop an appropriate scale for the Turkish management structure and operation. The planned leadership scales that have been developed in the field of education are not adequate and the relevant scale development studies are required. The main objective of this study is to re-approach the behavior of school administrators of planned leadership and to develop a scale within this framework. In Canakkale, a sample group, 360 individuals who were identified using a cluster sampling method were studied. SPPS 23.0 and AMOS 24.0 statistical packaged software were used for data analysis. Explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were calculated for the suitability of the data set for factor analysis, sample efficiency and validation studies; Cronbach Alpha internal consistency was calculated for the reliability studies. With the actions being carried out, the scale of 30 items is such that the 'School Manager's planned leadership behaviors' are presented. ~~ ~~ In conclusion, the scale developed has a four-factor structure,“Development and Cooperation”,“Culture”,“Vision and Responsibility” and “Chances and Opportunities” and is characterized by a high degree of validity and reliability.  \nKeywords: Scheduled leadership, developing a scale, school manager, validity, reliability  \nDOI: 10.29329/epasr.2020.323.15  \n1  \n2  \nTechnology and design teacher, Ministry of Education, Çanakkale, TURKEY, ORCID: 0000-0002-3799-7006 Assist. Prof. Dr., Education Faculty, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, TURKEY, ORCID: 0000-  \n0003-3678-4647  \nIntroduction  \nSocial institutions have an open understanding of the system, resulting from its multidirectional interaction. Educational organizations acting with contemporary understanding and having individuals at the heart of themselves are effective in having a qualitative and active management understanding structure. This aspect of educational institutions requires a strong structure and interaction in itself and with other social institutions. It is important for the administrations to closely follow the developments and innovations in order to create this power in education and school organizations.  \nBursalıoğlu (2013) emphasized that running an organization in the monotony of a machine like a clock is impossible and drew attention to the hardness of managing an organization. It is the duty of the administration to sustain the school in the direction of its own objectives. Beycioğlu and Aslan (2010) stated that the managers of the organization must be experienced in the structure and operation of the organization and must also be innovative. School administrators are expected to adopt and reflect on developments and innovations in the understanding of management as implementations. In our globalizing world, school administrators should be followers of the developments and environments that technology has provided, as well as transfer their skills of effective management and leadership to employees. In order to do this, instead of ordering employees what to do, employees need to take part in the decision-making process and see the broad picture.  \nGüçlüol (1985) claimed that the tenancy aspect of the school administrators predominates because they are busy with red tape. Açıkgöz (1986) and Açıkalın (1998) emphasized that as the period of democratization in education began after the 1980s, the democratization of school adminis","cbCaidWQx5AZz5mg","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidWQx5AZz5mg","pdf",245693,15,"English","# Introduction\n## Leadership concepts and scheduled leadership\n## Need for a valid and reliable measurement scale\n# Abstract\n## Study objective and research design\n## Participants and data analysis methods\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"What is the core purpose of this study on scheduled leadership behaviors?\",\"answer\":\"To re-approach school administrators’ scheduled leadership behaviors and develop a measurement scale within that framework.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the data analyzed to establish validity and reliability?\",\"answer\":\"Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to assess suitability, sample efficiency, and validation, while Cronbach Alpha was computed for internal consistency.\"},{\"question\":\"How many items are included in the developed scale and what dimensions does it form?\",\"answer\":\"The scale contains 30 items and is described as having a four-factor structure: Development and Cooperation, Culture, Vision and Responsibility, and Chances and Opportunities.\"}]","Scheduled Leadership Behaviors Scale for School Administrators - Validity and Reliability Study | PDF",1792095313,38]