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Explains positive, negative, and no correlation, including the role of outliers and anomalies. Describes drawing and using lines of best fit to estimate and predict values, distinguishing interpolation from extrapolation and discussing reliability. Includes worked-example guidance and multiple practice scenarios to practise drawing best-fit lines and making estimates.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/scatter-graphs-worksheet/657301/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/scatter-graphs-worksheet/657301.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"I feel Different","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-26",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does correlation mean in a scatter graph?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Correlation describes how closely the plotted points align to a straight-line pattern. Strong correlation shows points close to a line of best fit, while weak correlation shows a more dispersed but still linear pattern.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do you identify an outlier on a scatter graph?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"An outlier (or anomaly) is a point far away from the general trend formed by the other points, and also far from the line of best fit.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is the difference between interpolation and extrapolation?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Interpolation predicts within the data range using the line of best fit and is usually more accurate. Extrapolation predicts beyond the data range, which is less reliable because it assumes the trend continues exactly.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},657301,1793141098,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46},962093541761,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","GCSE Maths – Statistics  \nScatter Graphs  \nNotes  \nWORKSHEET  \nScatter Graphs  \nScatter graphs are a way of representing two sets of data, allowing you to see whether they have a connection.  \nCorrelation  \nBy plotting two data sets on the same graph, you can analyse how the points align to see if the variables are connected. The closer the points are to representing a straight line, the more correlated they are said to be.  \nPositive Correlation  \nAs the variable on the 􀝔 axis increases, the variable on the 􀝕 axis increases. The line of best fit has a positive gradient.  \nNo correlation  \nThere is no relationship between the two sets of data. There is no identifiable line of best fit.  \nNegative correlation  \nAs the variable on the 􀝔 axis increases, the variable on the 􀝕 axis decreases. The line of best fit has a negative gradient.  \nA point on a graph which does not follow the general trend is known as an outlier or an anomaly. It is well away from the other points, and far from a line of best fit.  \nThe closeness of the points to each other indicates the strength of the correlation:  \n● If all the points are very close to each other and to the line of best fit, the correlation is strong.  \n● If the points are more dispersed, but still represent a straight line, the correlation is described as weak.  \nJust because there is a correlation between two variables does not mean that the two variables are connected: correlation does not always mean causation.  \nFor example, if there is a positive correlation between the number of ice creams sold and the number of traffic jams on the road, this does not mean ice creams cause traffic jams. If the weather is warm, more ice creams will be sold and more people will be travelling, which may explain the increased number of traffic jams.  \nLines of best fit  \nA line of best fit can be drawn through the points on a scatter graph to best represent the relationship between the points.  \nThe line of best fit should be drawn as close to as many of the points on the graph as possible and have roughly the same number of points lying on either side of it. We ignore anomalies when drawing a line of best fit.  \nDiagram from The Noun Project CC BY 3.0  \nUsing a line of best fit, we can estimate and predict values in and beyond the data range.  \n\n| Example: Below is a graph of the scores of a class on an English Literature and English\u003Cbr>Language exam. Draw a line of best fit.\u003Cbr>|\n| --- |\n| 1. Draw a line between the points, so that there are roughly the same number of points either side of it.\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>The line of best fit should only span the data range. |\n\nEstimating and predicting values  \nWe can use a line of best to predict values within the data range. This is called  \ninterpolation.  \nIf we extend the line of best fit beyond the data set, we can predict values beyond the data range. This is called extrapolation.  \n• Interpolation is more accurate than extrapolation.  \n• If we predict a value by extrapolation, it is less reliable as we are assuming the trend shown by the line of best fit will continue exactly the same beyond the data range. This may not be the case.  \n\n| Example: A small business has been tracking how effective its marketing strategy is. They have made a graph of the number of hours spent on marketing and the number of clients gained, which is pictured below. If the employees spend a total of two hours in a week on marketing, how\u003Cbr>many clients can they expect to gain?\u003Cbr>|\n| --- |\n| 1. Draw a line of best fit on the graph. This should go through the middle of all the points and should have the same number of points on each side of the line.\u003Cbr>2. Draw a vertical line from 2 hours on the 􀝔-axis to the line of best fit.\u003Cbr>3. Draw a horizontal line across to the 􀝕-axis to estimate the number of clients gained from two hours of marketing.\u003Cbr>The value read from the 􀝕-axis rounds to 5 clients gained\u003Cbr>in a week.\u003Cbr>|\n\n\n| Example: Shown is a graph of the number of times a person h","cbCaiulhFOJMpmsI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiulhFOJMpmsI","pdf",1014052,"English","# Correlation\n## Positive, negative, and no correlation\n# Outliers and anomalies\n# Lines of best fit\n# Estimating and predicting values\n## Interpolation and extrapolation\n# Practice questions","[{\"question\":\"What does correlation mean in a scatter graph?\",\"answer\":\"Correlation describes how closely the plotted points align to a straight-line pattern. Strong correlation shows points close to a line of best fit, while weak correlation shows a more dispersed but still linear pattern.\"},{\"question\":\"How do you identify an outlier on a scatter graph?\",\"answer\":\"An outlier (or anomaly) is a point far away from the general trend formed by the other points, and also far from the line of best fit.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the difference between interpolation and extrapolation?\",\"answer\":\"Interpolation predicts within the data range using the line of best fit and is usually more accurate. Extrapolation predicts beyond the data range, which is less reliable because it assumes the trend continues exactly.\"}]","Scatter Graphs - Worksheet | PDF",1792977073]