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Synthesizes research showing benefits for college enrollment, persistence, credential completion, speed, and post–high school earnings, with especially strong gains for underrepresented students. Identifies key shortcomings in state policy, including fragmented course offerings, inequitable access, and barriers from funding gaps, out-of-pocket costs, restrictive eligibility, and uneven partnership quality.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/scaling-dual-enrollment-pathways-to-college-and-career-opportunity-five-state-policy-strategies/584327/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/scaling-dual-enrollment-pathways-to-college-and-career-opportunity-five-state-policy-strategies/584327.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Kyle","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What outcomes does the brief connect to dual enrollment participation?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Dual enrollment is linked to higher likelihood of enrolling in college, persisting, completing credentials, completing degrees at higher rates, and stronger labor market outcomes, including greater earnings after high school graduation.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why does the brief argue that growth alone is insufficient?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Many programs are organized around isolated courses, resulting in credits without clear credential or pathway alignment, and access remains uneven across student groups, turning dual enrollment into a “program of privilege.”",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What factors create gaps in access and success for dual enrollment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The brief highlights insufficient funding, out-of-pocket costs for families, restrictive eligibility based on placement exams and rigid readiness thresholds, and uneven program quality across school-college partnerships.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},584327,1792171218,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","POLICY BRIEF  \nJULY 202 6  \nScaling Dual Enrollment Pathways to College and Career Opportunity  \nFive State Policy Strategies  \nBy Davis Jenkins and John Fink  \nDual enrollment—through which highschool students take college courses for credit—has become a major and rapidly growing part of American education. In 2023-24, approximately 2.8 million high school students  \ntook college courses through dual enrollment, including roughly 2 million at community colleges.1 Nationally, dual enrollment students now account for one in five community college enrollments, with substantially higher shares in some states and colleges.2  \nA growing body of research demonstrates that students who  \nPercentage of Community College Students in HighSchool in 2023-24  \nDual enrollment as a percent of  \nSource: CCRC analysis of IPEDS data.  \ncommunity college headcount  \nVT: 27%  \nRI: 7%  \nCT: 10%  \nDE: 14%  \nparticipate in dual enrollment are more likely to enroll in college, persist, complete credentials, and experience stronger labor market outcomes.3 Nationally, students who participate in dual enrollment complete college degrees at higher rates than college entrants without prior dual enrollment.4 Dual enrollment also appears to help students complete college more quickly.5 And taking dual enrollment is associated with greater earnings in the crucial years following highschool graduation.6 The benefits of dual enrollment can be especially large for students from groups historically underrepresented in higher education.7 Research also shows that dual enrollment can help high school students who may not initially appear “college ready” succeed in college-level coursework when they receive appropriate supports.8  \nGrowth Is Not Enough: Why States Need to Rethink Dual Enrollment Policy  \nStates are increasingly investing in dual enrollment to improve college affordability, strengthen educational attainment, and build workforce talent pipelines. We have counted nearly 1,500 policies enacted across all 50 states from 2010 through 2025, many of which aim to expand dual enrollment access and availability.9 Despite its growth and promise, dual enrollment is often not designed to maximize returns for students or states. Many dual enrollment programs are still organized around  \n525 West 120th St. , Box 174, New York, [NY 10027](NY 10027 | ccrc.tc.columbia.edu | @CommunityCCRC | 212.678.3091)[ |](NY 10027 | ccrc.tc.columbia.edu | @CommunityCCRC | 212.678.3091)[ ccrc.tc.columbia.edu](NY 10027 | ccrc.tc.columbia.edu | @CommunityCCRC | 212.678.3091)[ |](NY 10027 | ccrc.tc.columbia.edu | @CommunityCCRC | 212.678.3091)[ @CommunityCCRC](NY 10027 | ccrc.tc.columbia.edu | @CommunityCCRC | 212.678.3091)[ |](NY 10027 | ccrc.tc.columbia.edu | @CommunityCCRC | 212.678.3091)[ 212.678.3091](NY 10027 | ccrc.tc.columbia.edu | @CommunityCCRC | 212.678.3091)  \nisolated college courses rather than coherent college and career pathways. Students frequently accumulate credits without a clear connection to a postsecondary credential, bachelor’s degree transfer pathway, or career field—a pattern commonly described as “random acts of dual enrollment.” Access to high-quality dual enrollment opportunities also remains uneven, with students from higher-income and collegeeducated families participating at substantially higher rates than Black, Latino, rural, low-income, and first-generation students. As a result, dual enrollment too often functions as a “program of privilege,”disproportionately benefiting students already on track for college while doing less to expand opportunity for students who might not otherwise continue their education after high school.  \nSeveral factors contribute to gaps in access and success in dual enrollment:  \n• Insufficient funding for colleges and school districts. Only 10 states provide close to adequate funding for community colleges and school districts to provide a high-quality experience without passing on costs to students and families or K-12 sc","cbCaiqriyOpP7FBv","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqriyOpP7FBv","pdf",721885,"English","# Growth Is Not Enough: Why States Need to Rethink Dual Enrollment Policy\n## Reasons for Gaps in Access and Success\n### Insufficient funding\n### Out-of-pocket costs\n### Restrictive eligibility requirements\n### Uneven program quality across partnerships","[{\"question\":\"What outcomes does the brief connect to dual enrollment participation?\",\"answer\":\"Dual enrollment is linked to higher likelihood of enrolling in college, persisting, completing credentials, completing degrees at higher rates, and stronger labor market outcomes, including greater earnings after high school graduation.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the brief argue that growth alone is insufficient?\",\"answer\":\"Many programs are organized around isolated courses, resulting in credits without clear credential or pathway alignment, and access remains uneven across student groups, turning dual enrollment into a “program of privilege.”\"},{\"question\":\"What factors create gaps in access and success for dual enrollment?\",\"answer\":\"The brief highlights insufficient funding, out-of-pocket costs for families, restrictive eligibility based on placement exams and rigid readiness thresholds, and uneven program quality across school-college partnerships.\"}]","Scaling Dual Enrollment Pathways to College and Career Opportunity - Five State Policy Strategies | PDF",1792050677,25]