[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-331375-105":59,"doc-detail-331375-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","salivary-metabolomic-biomarkers-for-esophageal-and-gastric-cancers-by-liquid-chromatographymass-spectrometry","Salivary metabolomic biomarkers for esophageal and gastric cancers by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry","","Early detection of esophageal and gastric cancers is essential for patient prognosis, yet effective noninvasive screening tests remain unavailable. Saliva is an easily accessible biofluid that supports frequent testing, enabling exploration of salivary diagnostic biomarkers via metabolomic analysis. Saliva from esophageal cancer (n=50), gastric cancer (n=63), and controls without cancer (n=20) was profiled by LC–MS. Metabolic profiles of gastric cancer tissues were compared with salivary biomarkers, diagnostic model sensitivity was benchmarked against serum tumor markers, and postoperative saliva was used to track biomarker changes. Cytosine, 2-oxoglutarate, and arginine were identified as relevant biomarkers.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/salivary-metabolomic-biomarkers-for-esophageal-and-gastric-cancers-by-liquid-chromatographymass-spectrometry/331375/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/salivary-metabolomic-biomarkers-for-esophageal-and-gastric-cancers-by-liquid-chromatographymass-spectrometry/331375.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rowan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why are noninvasive screening tests for esophageal and gastric cancers important?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Early diagnosis is crucial because mortality increases with tumor stage. Current noninvasive screening options are not optimal, and minimally invasive body-fluid tests with high accuracy are still lacking.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were salivary biomarkers identified in this study?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Saliva samples from esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and control groups were analyzed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) to identify diagnostic biomarkers.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which salivary biomarkers were detected for each cancer type?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Cytosine was detected for gastric cancer. For esophageal cancer, cytosine, 2-oxoglutarate, and arginine were detected as salivary biomarkers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},331375,1790656002,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1099514067415,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502","DOI: 10. 1111/cas.16256  \nOR I G I NAL ART I C L E  \nSalivary metabolomic biomarkers for esophageal and gastric cancers by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry  \nKosuke Nakane1  | Koichi Yagi1  | Sho Yajima1 | Sachiyo Nomura1  | Masahiro Sugimoto2,3  | Yasuyuki Seto1   \n1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan  \n2Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan 3 Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan  \nCorrespondence  \nYasuyuki Seto, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.  \nEmail: [seto-tky@umin.ac.jp](seto-tky@umin.ac.jp)  \nAbstract  \nEarly detection of esophageal and gastric cancers is essential for patients' prognosis; however, optimal noninvasive screening tests are currently not available. Saliva is a biofluid that is readily available, allowing for frequent screening tests. Thus, we explored salivary diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal and gastric cancers using metabolomic analyses. Saliva samples were collected from patients with esophageal (n = 50) and gastric cancer (n = 63), and patients without cancer as controls (n = 20) . Salivary metabolites were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry to identify salivary biomarkers. We also examined the metabolic profiles of gastric cancer tissues and compared them with the salivary biomarkers. The sensitivity of the diagnostic models based on salivary biomarkers was assessed by comparing it with that of serum tumor markers. Additionally, using postoperative saliva samples collected from patients with gastric cancer, we analyzed the changes in the biomarkers' concentrations before and after surgery. Cytosine was detected as a salivary biomarker for gastric cancer, and cytosine, 2-oxoglutarate, and arginine were detected as salivary biomarkers for esophageal cancer. Cytidine, a cytosine nucleotide, showed decreased concentrations in gastric cancer tissues. The sensitivity of the diagnostic models for esophageal and gastric cancers was 66.0% and 47. 6%, respectively, while that of serum tumor markers was 40% . Salivary cytosine concentration increased significantly postoperatively relative to the preoperative value. In summary, we identified salivary biomarkers for esophageal and gastric cancers, which showed diagnostic sensitivity at least comparable to that of serum tumor markers. Salivary metabolomic tests could be promising screening tests for these types of cancer.  \nK E Y WO R D S  \nesophageal cancer, gastric cancer, LC-MS, metabolome, saliva  \nAbbreviations: AUC, area under the ROC curve; C group, control group; CA 19-9, cancer antigen 19-9; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CI, confidence interval; EC group, esophageal cancer group; GC group, gastric cancer group; LC-MS, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; ROC, receiver operating characteristic; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma antigen; TCA, tricarboxylic acid.  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.  \n© 2024 The Author(s) . Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.  \n1 | INTRODUCTION  \nEsophageal and gastric cancers are common upper gastrointestinal tract cancers worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality rates.1 The mortality rate in these cancers increases with advancement of the tumor stage2,3; thus, early diagnosis is essential for improving patients' prognosis. Accordingly, establishing screening methods allowing for early detection is an urgent challenge. However, at present, optimal screening tests for early diagnosis of esophageal and gastric cancers are not available. Commonly used diagnostic methods include radiog","cbCaijgAd1PIYtD7","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijgAd1PIYtD7","pdf",2214057,"English","# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods\n## Study","[{\"question\":\"Why are noninvasive screening tests for esophageal and gastric cancers important?\",\"answer\":\"Early diagnosis is crucial because mortality increases with tumor stage. Current noninvasive screening options are not optimal, and minimally invasive body-fluid tests with high accuracy are still lacking.\"},{\"question\":\"How were salivary biomarkers identified in this study?\",\"answer\":\"Saliva samples from esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and control groups were analyzed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) to identify diagnostic biomarkers.\"},{\"question\":\"Which salivary biomarkers were detected for each cancer type?\",\"answer\":\"Cytosine was detected for gastric cancer. For esophageal cancer, cytosine, 2-oxoglutarate, and arginine were detected as salivary biomarkers.\"}]","Salivary metabolomic biomarkers for esophageal and gastric cancers by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry | PDF",1789993013,25]