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Rosmarinic acid, a plant-derived polyphenol from Lamiaceae subfamilies, is summarized for its mechanisms of action across multiple gastrointestinal cancer types, including oral, stomach, pancreas, colon, and liver cancers.",{"@graph":14,"@context":65},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/rosmarinic-acid-a-potential-therapeutic-agent-in-gastrointestinal-cancer-management-a-review/329338/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/rosmarinic-acid-a-potential-therapeutic-agent-in-gastrointestinal-cancer-management-a-review/329338.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Eden","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the main purpose of this paper regarding rosmarinic acid?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The main aim is to summarize the mechanisms of action of rosmarinic acid in gastrointestinal cancers, drawing on studies across cancers of the oral cavity, stomach, pancreas, colon, and liver.","Answer","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":67,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":69,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":71,"site_id":7},329338,1790153263,{"code":4,"msg":74,"data":75},"success",[76,80,84,88,93,98,103,107,112,115,119],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":77,"show_sort_weight":78,"slug":79},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":81,"show_sort_weight":82,"slug":83},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":89,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":90,"show_sort_weight":91,"slug":92},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":94,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":99,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":104,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":106},8,30,"research-report",{"id":108,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":109,"show_sort_weight":110,"slug":111},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":110,"slug":114},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":118},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":120,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":122},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":74,"data":124},{"doc_id":71,"user_id":125,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":126,"doc_module":4,"category_id":104,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":127,"file_id":128,"file_url":129,"file_type":130,"file_size":131,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":132,"language":133,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":134,"faqs":135,"seo_title":136,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":137,"read_time":138,"preview_page_count":4},1374391974468,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Review  \nRosmarinic Acid: A Potential Therapeutic Agent in Gastrointestinal Cancer Management—A Review  \nKarolina Czerwi ´nska and Iwona Radziejewska *  \nCitation: Czerwi ´nska, K.;  \nRadziejewska, I. Rosmarinic Acid: A Potential Therapeutic Agent in Gastrointestinal Cancer Management—A Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 11704. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/ijms252111704](10.3390/ijms252111704)  \nAcademic Editors: Antonio Carrillo-Vico and Ivan Cruz-Chamorro  \nReceived: 26 September 2024  \nRevised: 22 October 2024  \nAccepted: 28 October 2024  \nPublished: 31 October 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nDepartment of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; [karolina.czerwinska@sd.umb.edu.pl](karolina.czerwinska@sd.umb.edu.pl)  \n* Correspondence: [iwona@umb.edu.pl](iwona@umb.edu.pl); Tel.: +48-85-535-934-079  \nAbstract: Gastrointestinal cancers are still the leading cause of death worldwide. This is related, among other things, to the non-specific symptoms, especially in the initial stages, and also to the limited possibilities for treatment. Therefore, research is still being conducted to improve the detection of this type of cancer and increase the effectiveness of therapy. The potential application of natural compounds in cancer management deserves special attention. In the group of such products, there are polyphenolic compounds that reveal, e.g., anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and neuroprotective properties. One of these polyphenols is rosmarinic acid, commonly found in plants such as the Boraginaceae and Nepetoideae subfamilies of the Lamiaceae (mint) family. A number of studies have considered the positive effects of rosmarinic acid in the treatment of many cancers, including gastrointestinal ones such as oral, stomach, pancreas, colon, and liver cancers. The main aim of this paper was to summarize the mechanisms of action of rosmarinic acid in gastrointestinal cancers.  \nKeywords: gastrointestinal cancers; polyphenolic compounds; rosmarinic acid  \n1. Introduction  \nCancers are one of the leading causes of disease incidence and mortality worldwide, especially when it comes to gastrointestinal ones, which affect the digestive system. Generally, these cancers are considered the major diseases affecting human health. The development of the cancer process is provoked by genetic and environmental factors. It is estimated that about 50% of cancer events are caused by dietary habits and social behaviors [1] . According to data prepared by the Global Cancer Observatory, the number of cancer deaths around the world in 2022 was approximately 9.7 million, and the incidence was about 20 million. According to forecast data, it is estimated that the incidence by 2050 may increase to 35 million. The group of gastrointestinal cancers includes oral, gastric, pancreas, colon, and liver cancers. These cancers occupy leading positions in terms of the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors [2–4] . The reason for this is that most patients are diagnosed at the late stage of the disease due to the lack of characteristic symptoms of the disease in its initial stages. Ongoing studies aim to enhance the detection and therapy outcomes of these types of cancer [5] . There are various treatment strategies for digestive tract tumors. These include surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemo-and radiotherapy. Chemotherapy is a standard approach but has serious limitations, such as poor water solubility, low tumor targeting ability, adverse effects, and chemoresistance. One more alternate choice of","cbCailqiREMGVlyn","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailqiREMGVlyn","pdf",970782,15,"English","# Introduction\n## Global burden and causes\n## Treatment strategies and limitations\n# Natural compounds and polyphenols in cancer research\n## Dietary influence\n## Polyphenol chemistry and diversity","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of this paper regarding rosmarinic acid?\",\"answer\":\"The main aim is to summarize the mechanisms of action of rosmarinic acid in gastrointestinal cancers, drawing on studies across cancers of the oral cavity, stomach, pancreas, colon, and liver.\"}]","Rosmarinic Acid: A Potential Therapeutic Agent in Gastrointestinal Cancer Management - A Review | PDF",1789983725,38]