[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-112561-en":3,"doc-seo-112561-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},112561,1099514068035,"Ezra","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",8,"Research & Report","Romania - Systematic Country Diagnostic Update","Systematic Country Diagnostic Update for Romania synthesizes recent developments in growth, poverty reduction, and shared prosperity, while identifying emerging risks and opportunities for sustainable, equitable performance. It analyzes key constraints tied to institutions, administrative capacity, policy implementation, public expenditure, skills, labor-market frictions, connectivity, finance, and the business environment. The update also highlights climate-change mitigation challenges and low resilience to natural hazards, and frames six human capital and jobs priority areas (HLO-I to HLO-VI) to guide future policy focus.","Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized  \nSYSTEMATIC  \nCOUNTRY DIAGNOSTIC  \nUPDATE  \nROMANIA  \nSYSTEMATIC COUNTRY DIAGNOSTIC  \nUPDATE  \nROMANIA  \n© 2023 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development /The World Bank  \n1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000  \n[Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent.  \nThe World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work maybe reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given.  \nAny queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; [e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org](e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org).  \nCover artwork:  \nArtist: Meri the zu, Romania; Creative partner: Zidart—Street Art Festival  \nPhotographies:  \nPhotos on pages 12-13, 18-19 and 34-35: ©Nga Thi Viet Nguyen/World Bank. Photo on pages 58-59: ©Jutta Benzenberg/World Bank.  \nCover design:  \nWojciech Wolocznik, Cambridge, United Kingdom  \nInterior design and typesetting:  \nPiotr Ruczynski, London, United Kingdom  \nKey Messages of the Romania Systematic Country Diagnostic Update   7  \nAcknowledgements   9  \nAcronyms and Abbreviations   11  \n  12  \n1 17  \n1.1 Recent developments in growth, poverty reduction, and shared prosperity   18  \n1.2 A tale of two Romanias   23  \n1.3 Emerging risks and opportunities for sustainable and equitable growth   26  \n2  \n32  \n2.1 Weak institutions and low administrative capacity remain key constraints   33  \n2.2 Ineffective policy implementation and insufficient public expenditure contribute to poor and unequal development outcomes   36  \n2.3 Shortage of skilled workforce and labor market frictions constrain the labor supply   41  \n2.4 Low connectivity, a shallow financial sector, and an unfavorable business environment hold the private sector back   44  \n2.5 The challenges of climate change mitigation and the green transition become prominent   50  \n2.6 Resilience to natural hazards and climate change is low   54  \n3  \n56  \nHLO-I Predictable political and economic environment for people and businesses   58  \nHLO-II Equal access to high-quality public services at central and local levels   60  \nHLO-III Better health and education outcomes for all   63  \nHLO-IV Favorable conditions for more and better private-sector jobs   65  \nHLO-V Climate change mitigation for environmental sustainability of economic activity   68  \nHLO-VI Resilience to shocks and adaptation to climate change, especially for vulnerable households   69  \nKnowledge gaps   71  \nANNEX 1 Boxes   73  \nANNEX 2 Priorities and selection criteria   77  \nReferences   79  \nNotes   82  \nUnequal access to shared  \nopportunities in Roma communities   38  \nAn update on firm productivity   73  \nSCD 2022 is an Update to SCD 2018   74  \nEconomic growth has been among  \nthe highest in the EU…   18  \n…leading to a strong convergence in  \nliving standards with the rest of the bloc   18  \nRomania’s growth has been largely  \ndriven by private consumption   19  \nProductivity and capital  \naccumulation have driven growth, with negative contribu","cbCaig8USJrl72Bi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaig8USJrl72Bi","pdf",5259559,2,1,85,"English","en",105,"# Key Messages of the Romania Systematic Country Diagnostic Update\n# Acknowledgements\n# Acronyms and Abbreviations\n# Recent developments in growth, poverty reduction, and shared prosperity\n## A tale of two Romanias\n## Emerging risks and opportunities for sustainable and equitable growth\n# Weak institutions and low administrative capacity remain key constraints\n## Ineffective policy implementation and insufficient public expenditure contribute to poor and unequal development outcomes\n## Shortage of skilled workforce and labor market frictions constrain the labor supply\n## Low connectivity, a shallow financial sector, and an unfavorable business environment hold the private sector back\n## The challenges of climate change mitigation and the green transition become prominent\n## Resilience to natural hazards and climate change is low\n# Human capital and opportunity framework\n## Predictable political and economic environment for people and businesses\n## Equal access to high-quality public services at central and local levels\n## Better health and education outcomes for all\n## Favorable conditions for more and better private-sector jobs\n## Climate change mitigation for environmental sustainability of economic activity\n## Resilience to shocks and adaptation to climate change, especially for vulnerable households\n# Knowledge gaps\n# Annex 1 Boxes\n# Annex 2 Priorities and selection criteria\n# References\n# Notes","[{\"question\":\"What main themes are covered in the Romania Systematic Country Diagnostic Update?\",\"answer\":\"The update covers growth performance, poverty 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