[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-374274-105":59,"doc-detail-374274-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","role-of-parp-inhibitors-a-new-hope-for-breast-cancer-therapy-review","Role of PARP Inhibitors: A New Hope for Breast Cancer Therapy - Review","","Tumors arising from unchecked breast-cell growth define breast cancer, the most common cancer among women worldwide. In 2022, 2,296,840 women were diagnosed, with ongoing evolution in therapy driven by Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. The review focuses especially on patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, compiling recent findings on PARP inhibitor mechanisms, clinical use alone or in combination, and the role of genetic testing to select candidates. It also outlines future research directions, while discussing challenges and limits to clinical implementation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/role-of-parp-inhibitors-a-new-hope-for-breast-cancer-therapy-review/374274/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/role-of-parp-inhibitors-a-new-hope-for-breast-cancer-therapy-review/374274.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Miles","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the main focus of this review on breast cancer therapy?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The review summarizes recent research on the mechanisms of action of PARP inhibitors and their implications for breast cancer treatment, particularly for patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which patient population is emphasized for PARP inhibitor therapy?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The review emphasizes individuals with BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic profiles, highlighting how genetic testing helps identify candidates for PARP inhibition.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How does this review describe the clinical use of PARP inhibitors?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It reviews therapeutic applications under development and highlights studies showing effectiveness when PARP inhibitors are used alone or in combination, while also addressing challenges and limits in clinical use.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},374274,1790250045,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},13056703019404,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Review  \nRole of PARP Inhibitors: A New Hope for Breast Cancer Therapy  \nKamalendu De 1, Malabendu Jana 2, Bhabadeb Chowdhury 3, Gloria M. Calaf 4, * and Debasish Roy 5  \nAcademic Editors: Farzad Pakdel and Sung-Kun (Sean) Kim  \nReceived: 2 January 2025  \nRevised: 5 March 2025  \nAccepted: 14 March 2025  \nPublished: 19 March 2025  \nCitation: De, K.; Jana, M.;  \nChowdhury, B.; Calaf, G.M.; Roy, D. Role of PARP Inhibitors: A New Hope for Breast Cancer Therapy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 2773. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/ijms26062773](10.3390/ijms26062773)  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://creativecommons.org/](https://creativecommons.org/)[ ](https://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/4.0/](licenses/by/4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Biological Sciences (Botany), Midnapore City College, Midnapore 721129, West Bengal, India; [kamalendude530@gmail.com](kamalendude530@gmail.com)  \n2 Department of Neurological Science, Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 773, USA; [malabendu_jana@rush.edu](malabendu_jana@rush.edu)  \n3 HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Institute of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; [bhabadeb.chowdhury@nih.gov](bhabadeb.chowdhury@nih.gov)  \n4 Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile  \n5 Department of Natural Sciences, Hostos College of The City University of New York, Bronx, NY 718, USA; [droy@hostos.cuny.edu](droy@hostos.cuny.edu)  \n* Correspondence: [gmcalaf@academicos.uta.cl](gmcalaf@academicos.uta.cl)  \nAbstract: Tumors formed by the unchecked growth of breast cells are known as breast cancer. The second most frequent cancer in the world is breast cancer. It is the most common cancer among females. In 2022, 2,296,840 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. The therapy of breast cancer is evolving through the development of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, which are offering people with specific genetic profiles new hope as research into the disease continues. It focuses on patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. This review summarizes the most recent research on the mechanisms of action of PARP inhibitors and their implications for breast cancer therapy. We review how therapeutic applications are developing and highlight recent studies showing the effectiveness of these medicines whether used alone or in combination. Furthermore, the significance of customized therapy is highlighted in enhancing patient outcomes as we address the function of genetic testing in identifying candidates for PARP inhibition. Recommendations for future research areas to maximize the therapeutic potential of PARP inhibitors are also included, along with challenges and limits in their clinical usage. The objective of this review is to improve our comprehension of the complex interaction between breast cancer biology and PARP inhibition. This knowledge will help to guide screening approaches, improve clinical practice, and support preventive initiatives for people at risk.  \nKeywords: tumors; breast cancer; BRCA1; BRCA2; PARP inhibitors; therapy  \n1. Introduction  \nBreast cancer is a major worldwide health concern. Globally, breast cancer is the most often diagnosed cancer. The four types of breast cancer are identified by distinct histological and pathological characteristics: luminal A, luminal B, HER2 overexpression, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [1] . In 2022, there were 2,296,840 new cases reported, and it was the fourth leading cause of mortality, with 666.103 deaths [2] . The majority of women with breast cancer are diagnosed between the ages of 50 and 69 [3] . Higher risks are associated with factors including alcohol intake, obesity, and physical inactivity [4] .  \nBreast cancer rates are greater in industrialized nations including ","cbCaibqMeIU18AGM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibqMeIU18AGM","pdf",5537656,27,"English","# Introduction\n## Breast cancer epidemiology and risk factors\n## Breast cancer subtypes and receptors\n# Abstract\n## PARP inhibitor mechanisms and clinical implications","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of this review on breast cancer therapy?\",\"answer\":\"The review summarizes recent research on the mechanisms of action of PARP inhibitors and their implications for breast cancer treatment, particularly for patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.\"},{\"question\":\"Which patient population is emphasized for PARP inhibitor therapy?\",\"answer\":\"The review emphasizes individuals with BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic profiles, highlighting how genetic testing helps identify candidates for PARP inhibition.\"},{\"question\":\"How does this review describe the clinical use of PARP inhibitors?\",\"answer\":\"It reviews therapeutic applications under development and highlights studies showing effectiveness when PARP inhibitors are used alone or in combination, while also addressing challenges and limits in clinical use.\"}]","Role of PARP Inhibitors: A New Hope for Breast Cancer Therapy - Review | PDF",1790201391,68]