[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-435650-105":59,"doc-detail-435650-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","role-of-line-1-in-the-nervous-system-and-neurological-disorders","Role of LINE-1 in the nervous system and neurological disorders","","Long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) is the only known reverse transcriptional transposon in the human genome with autonomous transposition capabilities. Its activation is linked to aging, cancer, and multiple neurological diseases. Emerging data indicate that LINE-1 can be reverse-transcriptionally translocated and regulated in neurons and neuroglial cells, affecting neuronal diversity, neural plasticity, and behavioral phenotypes. The review summarizes LINE-1 roles in neuronal function, evolution, synapse formation, and discusses biomarker and therapeutic potential across neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and mood disorders.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/role-of-line-1-in-the-nervous-system-and-neurological-disorders/435650/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/role-of-line-1-in-the-nervous-system-and-neurological-disorders/435650.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"LangkahRina","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What is LINE-1 and why is it important in the human genome?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"LINE-1 is a reverse transcriptional transposon in the human genome with autonomous transposition abilities. It can replicate and insert into new gene sites through reverse transcription.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How does evidence connect LINE-1 activity to the nervous system?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Studies observed LINE-1 retrotransposition events in neural progenitor cells and show that LINE-1 is highly active during mammalian neural development. Additional evidence suggests regulation in neurons and neuroglial cells.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What neurological conditions does the review say LINE-1 may influence?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"The review links LINE-1 to multiple neurological domains, including neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and emotional/mood disorders. It also discusses implications for neuronal diversity, neural plasticity, and synapse formation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},435650,1790716682,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090893776,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Review Article  \nRole of LINE-1 in the nervous system and neurological disorders  \nHuiling Hu1, Xiaoxia Lu2, Rihui Zhong1, Xiuli Liu1, Jie Wei2, Chaohui Duan1, Nannan Sun3  \n1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China;  \n2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510289, China;  \n3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, China.  \nAbstract  \nLong interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) is the only known reverse transcriptional transposon in the human genome with autonomous transposition capabilities. It can replicate and insert itself into new gene sites through the reverse transcription of transposons. The activation of LINE-1 is closely related to the occurrence and development of aging, cancer, and neurological diseases, and therefore has received widespread attention. However, research on LINE-1 in the nervous system is still in its early stages. Emerging evidence suggests that LINE-1 can undergo reverse transcriptional translocation and be regulated in neurons and neuroglial cells, playing a crucial role in neuronal diversity, neural plasticity, and behavioral phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the multifaceted functions of LINE-1 in neuronal function and evolution, synapse formation, and its implications for various neurological conditions, including neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and emotional disorders. In addition, we also discuss the potential role of LINE-1 as a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target in these neurological disorders. A comprehensive understanding of LINE-1’s functions in the nervous system will enhance our insight into the pathogenesis of neurological diseases and may aid in the development of new therapeutic strategies.  \nKeywords: LINE-1; Nervous system; Reverse transcriptional transposon; Neurological disorders; Neuronal diversity; Neurodegenerative diseases; Mood disorders  \nIntroduction  \nRetrotransposable elements (RTEs) comprise 40–45% of the human genome sequence and mainly consist of long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1), short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), and long terminal repeats (LTRs), with the SINEs predominantly represented by Alu elements (Alu) and the human-specific SINE-variable number tandem repeat (VNTR)-Alu (SVA)[1] [Figure 1A] . Among these, LINE-1 is the most widely distributed RTE found in mammalian genomes. The LINE-1 sequence, with a full length of approximately 6000 to 7000 base pairs, contains two open reading frames: open reading frame 1 (ORF1) and open reading frame 2 (ORF2), along with a 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) and a 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR). Among them, ORF2 encodes an endonuclease (EN) and a reverse transcriptase (RT) . [2] Utilizing its self-encoded proteins (EN and RT), LINE-1 can autonomously integrate into the host genome through a “copy-paste” mechanism[3][Figure 1B] . Despite constituting up to 17% of the human genome,[3] LINE-1 remains silent in most cell types. For  \n\n| Access this article online |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Quick Response Code: | Website:\u003Cbr>[www.cmj.org](www.cmj.org) |\n|  | DOI:\u003Cbr>10.1097/CM9.0000000000003891 |\n\nmany years, it was believed that LINE-1 transposed only in germline cells to ensure its intergenerational propagation within the species, with no activity occurring in the somatic cell genome, which does not pass to the next generation. This seemingly self-serving transposition pattern has led to its characterization as a “DNA parasite” or“selfish DNA”. [1]  \nIn 2005, Muotri et al[4] first observed LINE-1 retrotransposition events in mouse, rat, and human neural progenitor cells (NPCs), challenging the prevailing","cbCaimuuS8ogOgNC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimuuS8ogOgNC","pdf",1261401,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Retrotransposable elements and LINE-1 features\n## Somatic vs germline transposition and emerging neural evidence\n## Implications and review scope","[{\"question\":\"What is LINE-1 and why is it important in the human genome?\",\"answer\":\"LINE-1 is a reverse transcriptional transposon in the human genome with autonomous transposition abilities. It can replicate and insert into new gene sites through reverse transcription.\"},{\"question\":\"How does evidence connect LINE-1 activity to the nervous system?\",\"answer\":\"Studies observed LINE-1 retrotransposition events in neural progenitor cells and show that LINE-1 is highly active during mammalian neural development. Additional evidence suggests regulation in neurons and neuroglial cells.\"},{\"question\":\"What neurological conditions does the review say LINE-1 may influence?\",\"answer\":\"The review links LINE-1 to multiple neurological domains, including neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and emotional/mood disorders. It also discusses implications for neuronal diversity, neural plasticity, and synapse formation.\"}]","Role of LINE-1 in the nervous system and neurological disorders | PDF",1790674551,28]