[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-295789-105":59,"doc-detail-295789-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","roadway-signing-and-marking-of-unconventional-grade-separated-intersection-designs-final-report","Roadway Signing and Marking of Unconventional Grade Separated Intersection Designs - Final Report","","This project developed driving simulator models and an experimental design to test how roadway signage placement affects drivers’ capability to navigate three grade separated intersection types: standard, grade separated quadrant, and grade separated contraflow. Driver performance was evaluated through situational awareness, workload, and operational measures including speed deviation, lane changing, and deceleration. Findings recommend novel junction sign configurations and additional upstream guidance signs for non-traditional movements to offset low awareness and high cognitive workload. The quadrant design is feasible with side-mounted decision point signs and junction lane information, while complex advanced lane changing movements may need guidance beyond standard intersections.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/roadway-signing-and-marking-of-unconventional-grade-separated-intersection-designs-final-report/295789/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/roadway-signing-and-marking-of-unconventional-grade-separated-intersection-designs-final-report/295789.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aditya","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-09-18",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Which intersection types were tested in the project?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The study tested standard intersections, grade separated quadrant intersections, and grade separated contraflow intersections using a driving simulator-based experimental design.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How did the research measure driver performance?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Driver performance was monitored using situational awareness and workload measures, along with operational metrics such as speed deviation, lane changing, and deceleration.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What signing guidance does the study recommend for non-traditional movements?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The report recommends novel junction sign configurations or additional upstream guidance signs before the decision point to offset low situational awareness and high cognitive workload and to support timely lane changing.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},295789,1789723744,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962085564549,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Roadway Signing and Marking of Unconventional Grade Separated Intersection Designs  \nInstitute for Transportation Research & Education, North Carolina State University  \nChristopher M. Cunningham  \nR. Thomas Chase Kihyun Pyo  \nDepartment of Industrial & Systems Engineering, University of Florida  \nDavid Kaber Yunmei Liu  \nNCDOT Project 2019-26 FHWA/NC/2019-26 August 2022  \n\n| 1. Report No.\u003Cbr>FHWA/NC/2019-26 | 2. Government Accession No. |  |  | 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 4. Title and Subtitle\u003Cbr>Roadway Signing and Marking of Unconventional Grade Separated Intersection Designs |  |  |  | 5. Report Date August 2022 |  |  |\n|  |  |  |  | 6. Performing Organization Code |  |  |\n| 7. Author(s)\u003Cbr>Christopher M. Cunningham, R. Thomas Chase, Kihyun Pyo, David Kaber, Yunmei Liu |  |  |  | 8. Performing Organization Report No. |  |  |\n| 9. Performing Organization Name and Address\u003Cbr>Institute for Transportation Research and Education\u003Cbr>North Carolina State University\u003Cbr>Centennial Campus Box 8601\u003Cbr>Raleigh, NC |  |  |  | 10. Work Unit No. |  |  |\n|  |  |  |  | 11. Contract or Grant No.\u003Cbr>NCDOT Project 2019-26 |  |  |\n| 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address\u003Cbr>North Carolina Department of Transportation\u003Cbr>Research and Analysis Group\u003Cbr>104 Fayetteville Street\u003Cbr>Raleigh, North Carolina 27601 |  |  |  | 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Final Report\u003Cbr>August 2018-August 2022 |  |  |\n|  |  |  |  | 14. Sponsoring Agency Code\u003Cbr>RP2019-26 |  |  |\n| 15. Supplementary Notes\u003Cbr>Conducted in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| 16. Abstract\u003Cbr>This project developed driving simulator models and an experimental design to test signage placement impacts on driver capability to navigate three intersection types: Standard, Grade Separated Quadrant, and Grade Separated Contraflow. Driver performance was monitored using situational awareness and workload measures as well as operational measures such as speed deviation, lane changing, and deceleration.\u003Cbr>Based on the research effort findings, it is recommended that signing engineers develop novel junction sign configurations, or provide additional guidance signs upstream of the decision point for intersections with non-traditional movements in order to offset low driver situational awareness and high cognitive workload, and to support timely lane changing behavior. The quadrant grade separated intersection design appears to be a feasible alternative to standard intersections with or without lane assignment signs and when using side-mounted decision point signs and providing lane information on the junction sign. Consequently, the results of this study provide some guidance for highway systems engineers on the need for novel signage designs to ensure effective driver information processing under unique highway configurations with performance comparable to standard intersections. From the data collected in this research, it is inferred that driver performance compared to standard intersections is similar at intersection forms with a non-intuitive turning movement (e.g. turn left to go right), whereas drivers at intersection forms which require advanced lane changing (e.g. contraflow and displaced left turns) may require additional guidance beyond that provided at standard intersections. |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| 17. Key Words\u003Cbr>Grade Separated Intersection, Alternative Intersection, Driver Behavior, Signage and Marking, Human Factor, Driving Simulator |  |  | 18. Distribution Statement\u003Cbr>No restrictions. This document is available through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161. |  |  |  |\n| 19. Security Classif. (of this report)\u003Cbr>Unclassified |  | 20. Security Classif. (of this page) Unclassified |  |  | 21. No. of Pages 45 | 22. Price |\n| Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) |  | Reproduction of completed page authorized |  |  |  |  |\n\nTechnical Repor","cbCair7KBe5AeHt4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCair7KBe5AeHt4","pdf",2327774,45,"English","# Executive Summary\n# Technical Report Documentation Page\n## Disclaimer\n## Acknowledgement\n## Executive Summary\n# Project Abstract\n## Key Findings and Recommendations","[{\"question\":\"Which intersection types were tested in the project?\",\"answer\":\"The study tested standard intersections, grade separated quadrant intersections, and grade separated contraflow intersections using a driving simulator-based experimental design.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the research measure driver performance?\",\"answer\":\"Driver performance was monitored using situational awareness and workload measures, along with operational metrics such as speed deviation, lane changing, and deceleration.\"},{\"question\":\"What signing guidance does the study recommend for non-traditional movements?\",\"answer\":\"The report recommends novel junction sign configurations or additional upstream guidance signs before the decision point to offset low situational awareness and high cognitive workload and to support timely lane changing.\"}]","Roadway Signing and Marking of Unconventional Grade Separated Intersection Designs - Final Report | PDF",113]