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Cohort studies reporting DE exposure and cancer outcomes were identified using STROBE guidance and PECOS criteria. Six studies were included for breast cancer, four each for cervical and endometrial cancer, and seven for ovarian cancer. Random-effects models estimated risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals with prediction intervals. Results show no evidence of association for breast, endometrial, or ovarian cancers, while a weak signal was observed for cervical cancer.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/risk-of-gynecological-and-breast-cancers-in-workers-exposed-to-diesel-exhaust-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-cohort-studies/330925/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/risk-of-gynecological-and-breast-cancers-in-workers-exposed-to-diesel-exhaust-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-cohort-studies/330925.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aria","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What question does the study address regarding diesel exhaust exposure?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Whether occupational exposure to diesel exhaust is associated with the risk of gynecological cancers and breast cancer, using evidence from cohort studies.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How many cohort studies were identified for each cancer type?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The review included 6 studies for breast cancer, 4 for cervical cancer, 4 for endometrial cancer, and 7 for ovarian cancer.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What were the main findings on the association between DE exposure and cancer risk?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"No associations were observed for breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, while a weak association was reported for cervical cancer; no between-study heterogeneity or publication bias was detected.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},330925,1790169140,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},2336464648322,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2200025388227c56fec?_k=1778556882303663488","Reviews, Commentaries, Perspectives Med Lav 2024; 115 (3): e2024011 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v115i3 .15568  \nRisk of Gynecological and Breast Cancersin Workers Exposed to Diesel Exhaust: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies  \nMarika D’Agostini1, Giulia Collatuzzo1, Federica Teglia1, Paolo Boffetta2,*  \n1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 2Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA  \nKeywords: Gynecological Cancers; Breast Cancer; Diesel Exhaust; Occupational Health; Occupational Risk  \nABsTrACT  \nBackground: This study aimed to explore the association between occupational exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) and gynaecological and breast cancers. Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify cohort studies reporting results on the association between occupational exposure to DE andrisk ofgynaecological and breast cancers. STROBE guidelines and PECOS criteria were followed. We identified 6 studies for breast cancer (BC), 4 for cervical cancer (CC), 4for endometrial cancer (EC) and 7for ovarian cancer (OC). Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted on the relationship between DE exposure and BC, CC, EC, and OC risk; 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) andprediction intervals (PI) were reported. We investigated between-study heterogeneity and potential publication bias using Egger’s test. Results: No associations were observed between occupational DE exposure and risk of BC [RR=0.93; CI: 0.77-1.13; PI:0.50-1. 73, I2 =80.31%(CI: 21.72-95.05%)], EC [RR=0.89; CI: 0.75-1.05; PI:0.61-1.30, I2 =0. 78%(CI: 0-85.57%)], and OC [RR=1.08; CI: 0.89-1.32, PI: 0.76-1.56, I2 =11.87%(CI: 0-74.42%)]. A weak association was observed for CC [RR=1.41; CI: 1.17-1.17; PI:0.85-2.30, I2 =6.44%(CI: 0-86.40%)]. No between-study heterogeneity or publication bias was detected. Conclusions: This study identified an association between DE exposure and CC, which was not adjustedfor potential confounders. No evidence of an association was found with BC, EC, and OC.  \n1. InTroduCTIon  \nDiesel engines are used in a wide range of industrial applications and, therefore, occupational exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) is common. Exposed workers include mechanics, warehouse workers, professional drivers, shipping, and railroad workers, as well as miners and construction workers and other industries where diesel-powered vehicles and tools are applied [1] .  \nDE is primarily composed of gases (e.g., carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides), vapours, aerosols, and particulate matter consisting of solid carbonaceous particles which may become chemically active when are adsorbed to metallic particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), in particular nitro-PAH [2] . Exposure to these pollutants may lead to a variety of symptoms and diseases,from acute manifestations (e.g.: eyes, nose, throat and lung irritation, headache, dizziness, coughing, phlegm, and  \nReceived 29.12.2023 – Accepted 02.04.2024  \n*Corresponding Author: Paolo Boffetta; E-mail: paolo.boffetta@unibo.it  \n2 D’Agostini et al  \nnausea) to chronic ones (cardiovascular diseases, respiratory infections, and lung cancer) based on duration and intensity of exposure. However, the relative importance and underlying mechanisms of the different constituents of DE to the observed effects have not yet been fully understood.  \nAccording to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) evaluation in 2012, DE is classified as a Category 1 carcinogen to humans based on evidence in epidemiological studies that occupational exposure is associated with an increased risk for lung cancer [3]. DE is also suspected to be linked to other cancers, including cancers of the bladder, larynx, stomach, liver, pancreas, and ovary [4-8] . However, DE carcinogenicity in humans has not yet been fully investigated [3] .  \nWhile there are suggestions in the scientific literature that occupational exposure to DE may increase the risk of early-onse","cbCairJxveJ66VTH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairJxveJ66VTH","pdf",2831498,22,"English","# Introduction\n# Methods\n## Identification and Selection of Studies","[{\"question\":\"What question does the study address regarding diesel exhaust exposure?\",\"answer\":\"Whether occupational exposure to diesel exhaust is associated with the risk of gynecological cancers and breast cancer, using evidence from cohort studies.\"},{\"question\":\"How many cohort studies were identified for each cancer type?\",\"answer\":\"The review included 6 studies for breast cancer, 4 for cervical cancer, 4 for endometrial cancer, and 7 for ovarian cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings on the association between DE exposure and cancer risk?\",\"answer\":\"No associations were observed for breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, while a weak association was reported for cervical cancer; no between-study heterogeneity or publication bias was detected.\"}]","Risk of Gynecological and Breast Cancers in Workers Exposed to Diesel Exhaust - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies | PDF",1789990727,55]