[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-450007-105":59,"doc-detail-450007-en":134},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":127,"head_meta":129,"extra_data":131,"updated_unix":133},105,"en","risk-for-ocular-hypertension-with-intravitreal-dexamethasone-implants-in-black-and-white-patients-with-diabetic-macular-edema","Risk for Ocular Hypertension With Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implants in Black and White Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema","","Purpose: Compare intravitreal (IVT) 0.7 mg dexamethasone implant effects on intraocular pressure (IOP) between Black and White patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: Retrospective cohort of Black and White DME patients treated with dexamethasone implants and followed for 12+ months. Results: 145 eyes were analyzed; Black patients had higher baseline glaucoma but similar ocular hypertension rates post-treatment. Central subfield thickness decreased significantly by final follow-up. Conclusions: IVT dexamethasone reduced macular thickness, with no race difference in ocular hypertension risk.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/risk-for-ocular-hypertension-with-intravitreal-dexamethasone-implants-in-black-and-white-patients-with-diabetic-macular-edema/450007/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/risk-for-ocular-hypertension-with-intravitreal-dexamethasone-implants-in-black-and-white-patients-with-diabetic-macular-edema/450007.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jiven","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study’s primary purpose?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To compare the effects of IVT 0.7 mg dexamethasone implants on intraocular pressure (IOP) in Black versus White patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What did the results show about ocular hypertension after treatment?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"After IVT dexamethasone, the rate of ocular hypertension was similar between Black and White patients (20% vs 16%, P = .52), despite higher baseline glaucoma in Black patients.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What happened to macular thickness during follow-up?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Mean central subfield thickness decreased from 387 ± 129 µm to 314 ± 104 µm by the last follow-up visit (P \u003C .001).",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"What is the study’s overall conclusion regarding race differences?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"IVT dexamethasone implants decreased macular thickness in DME patients, but there was no difference in the ocular hypertension rate after treatment between Black and White patients.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},450007,1790799418,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":147,"read_time":148,"preview_page_count":4},1099513958607,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002390cf8733938c?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778829742770036399","Risk for Ocular Hypertension With Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implants in Black and White Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema  \nJournal of VitreoRetinal Diseases 1–6  \n© The Author(s) 2025  \nArticle reuse guidelines:  \n[sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/24741264241309685](DOI: 10.1177/24741264241309685)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/24741264241309685)[journals.sagepub.com/home/jvrd](journals.sagepub.com/home/jvrd)  \nElla H. Leung, MD 1, Amer F. Alsoudi, MD2, Henry Chang Skrehot, BS2, Daniel Burkhead, BS3, Bradley Adcock, BS3, India Behl4,  \nand David Chin Yee, MD 1  \nAbstract  \nPurpose: To compare the effects of intravitreal (IVT) 0.7 mg dexamethasone implants on the intraocular pressure (IOP) in Black patients and White patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed of Black patients and White patients with DME who received dexamethasone implants with 12 or more months of followup. Results: The study included 145 eyes (69 Black; 76 White) with a mean ( ±SD) of 3.6 ± 3.9 dexamethasone implants and 58 ± 31 months of follow-up. Black patients had higher baseline rates of glaucoma (23% vs 8%; P = .010) but similar rates of ocular hypertension after receiving IVT dexamethasone (20% vs 16%; P = .52). By the last follow-up visit, the mean central subfield thickness had decreased from 387 ± 129 µm to 314 ± 104 µm (P \u003C .001). Conclusions: IVT dexamethasone implants decreased macular thicknesses in patients with DME; however, there was no difference in the rate of ocular hypertension after IVT dexamethasone between Black patients and White patients.  \nKeywords  \nintravitreal dexamethasone implant, ocular hypertension, race, diabetic macular edema  \nIntroduction  \nIntraocular steroids are effective in treating cystoid macular edema (CME) secondary to a variety of diseases, including diabetes, retinal vascular occlusions, and Irvine-Gass syndrome 1–5; however, steroids can be associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) . Although the exact pathophysiology is unclear, steroids can result in direct cytotoxicity to the cells of the trabecular meshwork, triamcinolone crystals can cause obstruction of this meshwork, glycosaminoglycans can be deposited, and glucocorticoid receptors can be activated in the trabecular meshwork.6–10  \nThe risk for steroid-induced glaucoma in the general population is estimated to be 8% to 36%, a risk that increases to 46% to 92% in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) .11 Previous studies have found a higher prevalence of POAG in patients of African ancestry12,13; however, Black patients are underrepresented in clinical trials of glaucoma and other ocular diseases in the United States.14 In the phase 3 MEAD trials ofthe 0.7 mg intravitreal (IVT) dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex, Allergan) for diabetic macular edema (DME), only 4.6% of the patients were Black.15 Only 4% of the patients enrolled in the Ozurdex Geneva study for vein occlusions were Black.4 In contrast, Black people makeup 14% of the US population.16 Compared with the previous  \ndecade, between 2011 and 2020 there were fewer Black participants in diabetic retinopathy (DR) trials, the reasons for which are unclear.17  \nPrevious studies found some variable treatment responses between different races.18–20 Black patients with DME had fewer visual improvements after IVT bevacizumab than White and Hispanic patients, even after controlling for baseline vision and hemoglobin A1c.21 Black race was associated with an increased risk for cataract after CME and prolonged anterior uveitis after combined phacoemulsification with endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation.22 Black patients with uveitic glaucoma had higher treatment failures with steroids and trabeculectomies.23 A systematic review by Sharma et al24 found that preexisting glaucoma and Black race were risk factors for ocular hypertension after keratoplasty, which was related to a","cbCainZrVJuhYFkH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainZrVJuhYFkH","pdf",474287,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n## Steroid effects and IOP elevation mechanisms\n## Background risk estimates and racial representation\n# Methods\n## Study design and inclusion criteria\n## Exclusion criteria\n## Ethics and compliance","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s primary purpose?\",\"answer\":\"To compare the effects of IVT 0.7 mg dexamethasone implants on intraocular pressure (IOP) in Black versus White patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about ocular hypertension after treatment?\",\"answer\":\"After IVT dexamethasone, the rate of ocular hypertension was similar between Black and White patients (20% vs 16%, P = .52), despite higher baseline glaucoma in Black patients.\"},{\"question\":\"What happened to macular thickness during follow-up?\",\"answer\":\"Mean central subfield thickness decreased from 387 ± 129 µm to 314 ± 104 µm by the last follow-up visit (P \\u003c .001).\"},{\"question\":\"What is the study’s overall conclusion regarding race differences?\",\"answer\":\"IVT dexamethasone implants decreased macular thickness in DME patients, but there was no difference in the ocular hypertension rate after treatment between Black and White patients.\"}]","Risk for Ocular Hypertension With Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implants in Black and White Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema | PDF",1790731792,15]