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Increased ΔSBP Ext-Closure, Grade III/IV acute airway obstruction, and longer delay to airway intervention independently predicted outcomes.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/risk-factors-and-airway-management-of-postoperative-retropharyngeal-hematoma-following-anterior-cervical-spine-surgery-a-retrospective-study/442571/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/risk-factors-and-airway-management-of-postoperative-retropharyngeal-hematoma-following-anterior-cervical-spine-surgery-a-retrospective-study/442571.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"pop out","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What was the study’s primary objective regarding postoperative RH after ACSS?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To identify risk factors associated with RH development after ACSS and to determine risk factors for difficult intubation within the RH patient group.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How was the RH cohort and the control group defined in the retrospective study?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The RH cohort included patients who developed postoperative RH, while a non-RH control group (4:1) was matched by operator, gender, and operative year, with age matched within ±5 years.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which factors were independently associated with RH formation and difficult intubation?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"RH formation was associated with larger ΔSBP Ext-Closure, while difficult intubation in RH patients was independently linked to Grade III/IV acute airway obstruction and a longer interval from onset to airway intervention.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},442571,1790739937,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":124,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090760408,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Tian et al. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research (2026) 21:7  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-06530-4](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-06530-4)  \nJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nRisk factors and airway management  of postoperative retropharyngeal hematoma following anterior cervical spine surgery:  \na retrospective study  \nYang Tian 1†, Xixi Jia 1†, Gang Li 1†, Yongzheng Han 1, Xiangyang Guo 1, Min Li 1, Yinyin Qu 1* and Mao Xu 1*  \nAbstract  \nBackground Postoperative retropharyngeal hematoma (RH) is a potentially life-threatening complication of anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) . Difficult intubation frequently arises during airway management in patients with RH, presenting substantial challenges in clinical practice. This retrospective cohort study aimed to (1) identify risk factors linked to RH development after ACSS, and (2) highlight risk factors for difficult intubation within the RH patient group. Methods This retrospective analysis utilized a single-center longitudinal ACSS cohort from March 2013 to March 2024. The RH cohort was defined as patients who developed postoperative RH, while a non-RH control group (4:1 ratio) was established through matching for the same operator, gender, and operative year, with age matched within ± 5 years. Patients with RH were categorized into two groups based on whether they experienced difficulty in trachealintubation during airway management prior to hematoma evacuation: the difficult intubation group and the nondifficult intubation group. Multivariable analysis identified independent risk factors for RH and difficult intubation. Results The incidence of postoperative RH following ACSS was 0 . 25%(42/16,624) . Among these RH cases, 15 patients experienced difficult intubation during airway management. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated markedly elevated odds of RH formation with increasing systolic blood pressure difference between extubation and wound closure (ΔSBP Ext-Closure): 30–50 mmHg yielded an adjusted OR of 3.30 (95% CI: 1.34–8. 16, P = 0 . 010) vs. the \u003C 30 mmHg reference, while > 50 mmHg showed an OR of 13.16 (95% CI: 4 .93–35. 10, P \u003C 0. 001) . Additionally, Grade III/IV acute airway obstruction (AAO) (OR, 5 . 365; 95%CI, 11.089–26.445; P = 0 . 011) and longer time interval from onset to airway intervention (OR, 2 . 262; 95% CI, 1.208–4. 236; P = 0 . 039) were identified as independent risk factors for difficult intubation.  \n†Yang Tian, Xixi Jia and Gang Li contributed equally to this work.  \n*Correspondence: Yinyin Qu [quyinyin@bjmu.edu.cn](quyinyin@bjmu.edu.cn)[ ](quyinyin@bjmu.edu.cn)Mao Xu[anae1@qq.com](anae1@qq.com)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[vecommons.org/l](vecommons.org/l)icenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.  \nTian et al. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research (2026) 21:7 Page 2 of 10  \nConclusions An elevated ΔSBP Ext-Closure may be independently asso","cbCaiuJqZC1n3wem","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuJqZC1n3wem","pdf",1746061,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Background\n## Overview of postoperative hematoma after ACSS\n## Clinical significance of RH and airway obstruction\n## Challenges and emergency airway risk in RH","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s primary objective regarding postoperative RH after ACSS?\",\"answer\":\"To identify risk factors associated with RH development after ACSS and to determine risk factors for difficult intubation within the RH patient group.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the RH cohort and the control group defined in the retrospective study?\",\"answer\":\"The RH cohort included patients who developed postoperative RH, while a non-RH control group (4:1) was matched by operator, gender, and operative year, with age matched within ±5 years.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors were independently associated with RH formation and difficult intubation?\",\"answer\":\"RH formation was associated with larger ΔSBP Ext-Closure, while difficult intubation in RH patients was independently linked to Grade III/IV acute airway obstruction and a longer interval from onset to airway intervention.\"}]","Risk factors and airway management of postoperative retropharyngeal hematoma following anterior cervical spine surgery - a retrospective study | PDF",1790700827,25]