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The paper examines how patriarchal divide-and-rule beliefs are sustained through Nigerian folklore, including co-wife rivalry tales and conflicts between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law. It analyzes selected folktales and contemporary women’s autobiographies, especially Women of Valour, showing how these narratives challenge patriarchal myths and empower women via self-voicing.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/rewriting-the-women-enmity-lore-new-voices-in-autobiographical-narratives-read-online-free/589793/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/rewriting-the-women-enmity-lore-new-voices-in-autobiographical-narratives-read-online-free/589793.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Cipher","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does patriarchy sustain the belief that women are submissive to a male-dominated order?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It uses strategies that silence women and normalize a power hierarchy. The belief is reinforced through myths and social conditioning that frame women as inferior and encourage division among them.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role do Nigerian folktales play in the paper’s analysis?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Selected Nigerian folktales are used to analyze the recurring myth that women are their own worst enemies. The paper highlights patterns such as co-wife rivalry tales and the “war” between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do contemporary Nigerian women’s autobiographies contribute to rewriting these patriarchal myths?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Women’s autobiographies disabuse patriarchal myths by re-narrating women’s life histories. They also provide a platform for women to voice themselves and gain empowerment through narration.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},589793,1792460122,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},687208528416,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Advances in Language and Literary Studies  \nISSN: 2203-4714  \n[www.alls.aiac.org.au](www.alls.aiac.org.au)  \n| Rewriting the Women Enmity Lore: New Voices in Autobiographical Narratives\u003Cbr>Anthonia Makwemoisa Yakubu*\u003Cbr>Department of Languages, National Open University of Nigeria, Nigeria\u003Cbr>Corresponding Author: Anthonia Makwemoisa Yakubu, E-mail: [ayakubu@noun.edu.ng](ayakubu@noun.edu.ng) |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| ARTICLE INFO | ABSTRACT\u003Cbr>Many women were socially conditioned as children to believe that gender operates on a superiority/inferiority axis – the male has been naturally created to be in charge and to take dominion of all living and non-living things including plants, animals, fishes, birds, children, and women. For the women, they are to be submissive to the biological order of things which patriarchy has worked hard to institutionalise. One of the means patriarchy has adopted to sustain this belief is the divide and rule tactic, where women are taught to believe that they cannot work together, cannot love one another and cannot support one another because they do not like themselves. This belief is propagated through folklore, especially in co-wife rivalry tales. Another common instance is the raging ‘war’ between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law. This paper will analyse the common myth that women are their own worst enemies through selected Nigerian folktales, and in the second part, will analyse contemporary Nigerian women’s autobiographies, with particular emphasis on the 3-volume biographical compendium, Women of Valour, and how these women negated this erroneous belief in their narratives. One of the findings of this paper is that women’s autobiographies have significantly disabuse many of these patriarchal myths about women, thereby rewriting and re-narrating women’s life histories. Another finding is that many of the women featured in the biography used the medium as a platform to voice themselves into being, thereby empowering themselves through the narration of their life stories. |\n| Article history\u003Cbr>Received: April 09, 2018\u003Cbr>Accepted: July 10, 2018\u003Cbr>Published: August 31, 2018\u003Cbr>Volume: 9 Issue: 4\u003Cbr>Advance access: July 2018 |  |\n| Conflicts of interest: None\u003Cbr>Funding: None |  |\n| Key words:\u003Cbr>Women, Patriarchy, Folktales, Nigeria,\u003Cbr>Gender,\u003Cbr>Autobiography |  |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nThe relationship between man and women in many patriarchal societies, including Nigeria, has generally been‘peaceful’ because of a number of seemingly harmless measures, strategies and factors that have been put in place to ensure the continuity of the society. Societies are peopled by leaders and followers, rulers and servants, parents and children, teachers and students, governments and people, the elect and the electorates, men and women. It is the last category that make up the earlier mentioned category and that we all fit into. The dichotomy seen in all human relationships operates on a power axis: the ruler and the ruled, the leader and the led. In the beginning therefore, men and women were made to believe, through the propagation of certain myths and beliefs, that men or the male sex, have been mandated to take charge and rule the world. Further myths were created to maintain and sustain this belief, and to quell dissenting voices from the female sex. Walby (1990) identifies six structures of the patriarchal system, which have been deliberately erected for the sustainability of the system. These are the patriarchal mode of production; patriarchal stance in paid work; patriarchal attitude in politics; male violence; patriarchal cultural institutions; and patriarchal relation in sexuality. These mea-  \nsures and strategies revolve around voice/voicelessness/ silence. Women were therefore silenced into subjugation, fear, backlash, and powerlessness. It is necessary to look at how this process were and are enacted to achieve this objective.  \nOkpewho (1983:19) describes myth as the quality of fancy which informs","cbCaiqWLOEI9QFhh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqWLOEI9QFhh","pdf",333568,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Patriarchy, gender myths, and power structures\n## Myth transmission and patriarchal justification\n## Myths about women in Nigerian contexts","[{\"question\":\"How does patriarchy sustain the belief that women are submissive to a male-dominated order?\",\"answer\":\"It uses strategies that silence women and normalize a power hierarchy. The belief is reinforced through myths and social conditioning that frame women as inferior and encourage division among them.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do Nigerian folktales play in the paper’s analysis?\",\"answer\":\"Selected Nigerian folktales are used to analyze the recurring myth that women are their own worst enemies. The paper highlights patterns such as co-wife rivalry tales and the “war” between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law.\"},{\"question\":\"How do contemporary Nigerian women’s autobiographies contribute to rewriting these patriarchal myths?\",\"answer\":\"Women’s autobiographies disabuse patriarchal myths by re-narrating women’s life histories. They also provide a platform for women to voice themselves and gain empowerment through narration.\"}]","Rewriting the Women Enmity Lore: New Voices in Autobiographical Narratives - read online free | PDF",1792068132,11]