[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-613324-105":59,"doc-detail-613324-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","revolution-in-china-timeline-and-key-figures","Revolution in China - Timeline and Key Figures","","A structured overview of China’s transition from the late Qing dynasty through republican revolution, civil war, Japanese invasion, and the establishment of Communist control in 1949. Key actors are profiled, including Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Puyi, Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek, and Mao Zedong, alongside major political and economic shifts such as the Three Principles of the People and the First and Second Five-Year Plans. Foreign pressure, Cold War diplomacy, and events like the Great Leap Forward are integrated with geographic and institutional 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were the key leaders discussed in China’s revolutionary period?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"The slides highlight Empress Dowager Cixi, Emperor Puyi, Sun Yat-sen, Chiang Kai-shek, and Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong).","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"What were the Three Principles of the People?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"They are Mínquán (Democracy), Mínzú (Nationalism), and Mínshēng (Livelihood), covering sovereignty, opposition to foreign imperialism, and social-economic development.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What caused major economic changes under Mao during the late 1950s and early 1960s?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"The Second Five-Year Plan (1958–1962) included the “Great Leap Forward,” with communes and rapid industrialization goals, followed by widespread catastrophe and famine.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},613324,1792401414,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":26},1099525198933,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Revolution in China\n© Student Handouts, Inc.\nFall of the Qing (Manchu) Dynasty\nEmpress Dowager Cixi (1835-1908)\nDe facto Chinese monarch (1861-1908)\n“Make me unhappy for a day and I will make you unhappy for a lifetime.”\nConservative and anti-foreign\nBlamed by many Chinese for foreign imperialist power in China\nFall of the Qing (Manchu) Dynasty\nEmperor Puyi – the “Last Emperor”\nLived 1906-1967\nRuled China 1908-1912, and as a puppet for 12 days in 1917\nPuppet emperor of Manchukuo (Japanese-ruled Manchuria), 1932-1945\nSpent ten years in a Soviet prison after WWII\nLived a quiet life as a regular citizen in communist China\nDied of disease during the Cultural Revolution (1967)\nRepublican Revolution (1912)\nSun Yat-sen (Sun Yixian)\nFounded Kuomintang (KMT) – Nationalist party\nOverthrew Manchu (Qing) dynasty\nEstablished a republic\nPresident of Chinese Republic who succeeded him – Yuan Shih-k’ai\nKuomintang symbol\nRepublic of China: Weaknesses\nDisunity\nLocal warlords fought Kuomintang for control\nWars raged between 1912 and 1928\nForeign imperialists\nAmericans, Europeans, and Japanese\nPoor transportation\n1914 – only 6,000 miles of railroad track\n225,000 miles in the smaller United States\nFew decent roads\nForeign Imperialists\nTwenty-One Demands (1915)\nJapan attempted to make China a Japanese protectorate\nAction condemned and stopped by other leading world powers\nWorld War I and the Treaty of Versailles\nChina attempted to abolish concessions and extraterritoriality\nAttempt failed\nChina did not sign the Treaty of Versailles\nJapan gained mandate over most of Germany’s Asian possessions and rights\nThree Principles of the People\nBook published by Sun Yat-sen before his death in 1925\nPrinciple of Mínquán\nDemocracy – the people are sovereign\nPrinciple of Mínzú\nNationalism – an end to foreign imperialism\nPrinciple of Mínshēng\nLivelihood – economic development, industrialization, land reform, and social welfare – elements of progressivism and socialism\nGrowth of Communism\nSun Yat-sen appealed for Russian (Soviet) aid following the Versailles Conference\n1921-1925 – China received advisors, arms,  communist propaganda, and loans\nRussia revoked its imperialist rights in China\nChinese flag, 1912-1928\nThe Kuomintang (KMT) is Split\nRight wing\nBusiness people\nPoliticians\nLeft wing\nCommunists\nIntellectuals\nRadicals\nStudents\nNationalist Revolution\nSun Yat-sen succeeded by Chiang Kai-shek\nCommunists expelled by Kuomintang\n1926-1928 – war to control the warlords\nCapital moved from Peiping (a.k.a. Peking, today’s Beijing) to Nanking (Nanjing)\nPresidential Palace  under Kuomintang Government in Nanjing\nCivil War in China\n1927-1932 and 1933-1937 – war between Communists and Nationalists\nCommunists – Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong)\nNationalists – Chiang Kai-shek\nWar halted 1932-1933 and 1937-1945 to fight Japanese aggression\nCommunists were victorious in 1949\nNationalists retreated to Formosa (Taiwan)\nEnd of imperialism in China\nHong Kong returned to China in 1997\nJapanese Aggression\nJapan was a threat to China – 1894-1941\n1937 – Japanese invasion\nJapanese took control of north and areas along the coast\nRape of Nanking\nChinese Communists and Nationalists\nIntermittently were at peace as they united to fight against the Japanese\nGuerrilla and scorched earth tactics\nReceived American aid against the Japanese\nWorld War II\nU.S. interest in China increased after Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941\nCairo Conference (1943)\nChiang Kai-shek met with Allied leaders\nDiscussed war in eastern Asia\nWesterners gave up imperialist rights in China\nU.S. Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 repealed in 1943\nCommunists in Control – 1949\nCommunists and Nationalists resumed civil war following World War II\nChiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist government wasted foreign economic aid\nMany Kuomintang deserted to Communists\nManchuria – taken over by Communists in 1948\nDecember, 1949  -- Communists in control\nChiang Kai-shek and Nationalists retreated to Formosa (Taiwan)\nGeographical Changes\nCommunist China","cbCaioPVAS6sYLNW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioPVAS6sYLNW","pptx",1671076,24,"English","# Fall of the Qing Dynasty\n## Empress Dowager Cixi and the Last Emperor\n# Republican Revolution and Early Republic\n## Sun Yat-sen and the Kuomintang (KMT)\n## Republic of China: Weaknesses\n# Foreign Pressure and the Road to Revolution\n## Twenty-One Demands (1915)\n## World War I and the Treaty of Versailles\n# The People’s Three Principles and Communism\n## Democracy, Nationalism, and Livelihood\n## Growth of Communism\n# Split in the Kuomintang and Nationalist Revolution\n## Right wing vs. Left wing\n## Nationalist Revolution and War with Warlords\n# Civil War, Japanese Aggression, and World War II\n## Communists vs. Nationalists (1927-1945)\n## Japanese invasion and the Rape of Nanking\n# Communist Control and the End of the Old Regime\n## Retreat to Formosa and shifts in territories\n# Political and Economic Changes under Mao\n## Five-Year Plans and the Great Leap Forward\n# Foreign Relations and Cold War Policies\n## USSR split, Tibet, Korea, Vietnam, and the U.S.\n# The Cultural Revolution-Era Ideology\n## Mao’s Little Red Book and class struggle","[{\"question\":\"Who were the key leaders discussed in China’s revolutionary period?\",\"answer\":\"The slides highlight Empress Dowager Cixi, Emperor Puyi, Sun Yat-sen, Chiang Kai-shek, and Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong).\"},{\"question\":\"What were the Three Principles of the People?\",\"answer\":\"They are Mínquán (Democracy), Mínzú (Nationalism), and Mínshēng (Livelihood), covering sovereignty, opposition to foreign imperialism, and social-economic development.\"},{\"question\":\"What caused major economic changes under Mao during the late 1950s and early 1960s?\",\"answer\":\"The Second Five-Year Plan (1958–1962) included the “Great Leap Forward,” with communes and rapid industrialization goals, followed by widespread catastrophe and famine.\"}]","Revolution in China - Timeline and Key Figures | PPTX",1792385188]