[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-590961-105":59,"doc-detail-590961-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","review-of-one-of-the-education-policies-total-quality-management-in-schools","Review of one of the education policies: Total quality management in schools","","This paper reviews a removed education management approach: Total Quality Approach in education. The argument focuses on risks of adopting foreign education policies without aligning them to the existing system’s characteristics and needs. Total quality management and the requirements for successful implementation are discussed with specific attention to Turkey’s education context, emphasizing leadership, culture, and organizational change conditions that determine effectiveness.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/review-of-one-of-the-education-policies-total-quality-management-in-schools/590961/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/review-of-one-of-the-education-policies-total-quality-management-in-schools/590961.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Stanford","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main focus of the review in this paper?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The paper reviews an education policy approach related to Total Quality Management (Total Quality Approach) that was removed from implementation. 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The main argument is that barrowing policies from abroad without considering to what extend the characteristics of the existing system would suit to the intended approach or to what extend the major needs of it would been met by the existing system are the major issues to take into account before introducing any policies in education. Therefore, Total Quality management approach and requirements of successful implementations are discussed by setting these arguments in Turkey’s education.\u003Cbr>Keywords: Total quality management approach, leadership, culture. |\n| --- |\n| E-mail: [fatmagumus@hotmail.com](fatmagumus@hotmail.com). |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nImproving the quality of education has been one of major concerns of governments and education authorities in many countries. Because of rapid changes experienced in society, different issues have come on to the agenda. In response to changes in the world, that is the demands of the competitive global economy, countries have looked for new solutions to sort out their economic problems. Given that the major aim of education is to fulfil the demands and needs of society, schools have been faced with new needs and aims.  \nThe questions of competitiveness, efficiency and productivity as a part of public policy have become an important issue in education in response to both the global and domestic needs of the larger economic world. As a consequence, a radical change emerged in the policy of schooling, constructed to favour New Public Management in its varying forms, through changing structures of the education systems of countries as a result of the idea that the restructuring of education will lead to greater efficiency and productivity for better trained students in educational institutions. Some quality strategies have borrowed from the private sector to meet these expectations. One of the strategies employed for providing greater efficiency and productivity Total Quality Management aims to satisfy customer needs. By  \naccepting schools as a kind of business organizations, the concept of ‘school management’ has been directly translated from the industrial world to the educational field ( Riches and Morgan, 1989) .  \nTurkey could not escape from these global influences, over the last few decades the Turkish Ministry of Education introduced different educational policies to implement several large development projects within national education system . However, in the recent years many of the projects have been cancelled because of loosing its importance in the implementations. One of the project being used in the largest of these, the ‘National Education Development Project (NEDP), involves schools being restructured and developed based on the insights of the Total Quality Management approach. To many of its proponents the concepts and practices of total quality management (TQM) in schools was seen asa powerful tool for increasing school effectiveness, hence enhance the quality of education (Cheng, 1996; Greenwood and Gaunt, 1994; Murgatroyd and Morgan, 1993) . However, implementation of TQM in education has dynamics as a socio-political process that demand the institutions and also force them of change.  \nIn the light of these arguments, This study focuses on areview of Total Quality Management in education, as,  \nonce, it had been seen a remedy for increasing the quality of education in Turkey. This study also discusses how critical factors would have influenced successful implementation of the approach in practice in Turkey.  \nTQM IN THE EDUCATIONAL C","cbCaiii64bRMV6Vd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiii64bRMV6Vd","pdf",246895,11,"English","# Introduction\n## TQM in the educational context\n## Leadership of heads\n## Culture in organizations","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of the review in this paper?\",\"answer\":\"The paper reviews an education policy approach related to Total Quality Management (Total Quality Approach) that was removed from implementation. It examines why such approaches may fail when transplanted without considering local system characteristics.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the paper argue that foreign policies require careful consideration before adoption?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that importing policies from abroad can be inappropriate unless the fit with the existing system is assessed and the major needs addressed by that system are clarified.\"},{\"question\":\"Which key elements does the paper identify as central to TQM in education?\",\"answer\":\"It lists leadership of heads, empowerment, marketization and measuring, planning and organization, involvement, and teamwork as key elements shaping the approach in educational settings.\"}]","Review of one of the education policies: Total quality management in schools | PDF",28]