[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-84927-en":3,"doc-seo-84927-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},84927,687197207639,"Asher","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd",8,"Research & Report","Rethinking Indic AI from a Lens of Cultural Heritage Preservation","Rethinking Indic AI from a Lens of Cultural Heritage Preservation examines how artificial intelligence influences the linguistic and cultural foundations of the Indian subcontinent. Framing AI as a double-edged sword, the work links rich Indic linguistic structure—morphology, scripts, grammar rules, diglossia, and dialectal variation—to challenges for foundation models. It reviews the evolution of Indic NLP, evaluates emerging Indic foundation models, and identifies resource and representation gaps. The paper proposes “Culture Sensing” to support culturally meaningful, equitable performance for low-resource languages.","arXiv :2607 .06544v 1 [ cs .AI ] 7 Jul 2026  \nRethinking Indic AI from a Lens of Cultural Heritage Preservation  \nAPARNA MADVA, SHARATHSRIVATSA, SRINATH SRINIVASA, and TULIKASAHA, International Institute of Information Technology, Bengaluru, India  \nAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) makes inroads into different parts of the Indian subcontinent, there is significant interest in studying how AI impacts the linguistic and cultural foundations of this civilization. AI is seen as a “double-edged sword”where on the one hand, it can enable access and inclusion for a large population, on the other, it can homogenize worldviews and exclude underrepresented languages and worldviews. In this paper, we try to characterize this problem by addressing the extensive characteristic nature of Indian linguistics and the way they closely connect to cultural practices and worldview. We then perform a longitudinal survey of how Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques have evolved in this space, tracing the historical development of Indic NLP, covering key milestones, methodological shifts, and resource creation efforts. In addition, the paper also examines the structural and sociolinguistic characteristics of Indian languages, such as rich morphology, complex scripts and grammar rules, diglossia, and large dialectal variation, and explains how these create unique challenges for building AI foundation models. We then discuss the growing role of Indic foundation models and analyze how these models address these long-standing resource and representation gaps. Finally, we propose a research direction called‘ Culture Sensing’, which re-imagines AI based on hermeneutic reasoning. Culture Sensing aims to address open problems such as ensuring equitable performance across low-resource languages and producing outputs that are culturally meaningful. By bringing together past work, current techniques, and emerging trends, this paper outlines research directions that can guide the next phase of Indic NLP and contribute to the development of more robust and inclusive Indic foundation models.  \nCCS Concepts: • Computing methodologies → Natural language processing; • Applied computing → Arts and humanities; Digital libraries and archives; • Social and professional topics → Computing / technology policy.  \nAdditional Key Words and Phrases: Indic NLP, Cultural Heritage, Large Language Models, Algorithmic Homogenization, Culture Sensing  \n1 Introduction  \nIndic languages refer to the wide spectrum of languages spoken in the Indian subcontinent, including India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and other countries– that have a long linguistic and cultural history, collectively contributing to more than a fifth of the total world population. The Indian subcontinent has a long and rich linguistic history, hosting a wide variety of languages. Each language often uses a different script and has a rich body of literature. Just in India, the constitution recognizes 22 major literary languages as officiallanguages of the country. In addition to this, there are about 121 other non-official, but major languages, and more than 19,000 minor languages, dialects, and creoles. Languages are also culturally significant across different regions of the subcontinent, often shaping their own unique regional identity.  \nAn innate hermeneutic diversity can be observed in the case of the Indian subcontinent. The population of the Indic subcontinent often holds diverse perspectives drawn from the sociocultural discourse. Figure 1 shows pairs of sentences, a source English sentence, and corresponding translations in the Indic languages Hindi and Kannada. In the first sentence, it can be seen that mentioning of the gender is inevitable while making a statement such as ‘I went to a movie yesterday with my friend’. From the second sentence, it can be observed that words that signify ‘identity’ rather than ‘ownership’ are used to convey the meaning of owning a house. Such minu","cbCaibDQBKBbRYvM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibDQBKBbRYvM","pdf",2185212,1,36,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Indic languages and hermeneutic diversity\n## AI’s role in cultural preservation and inclusion\n# Background and evolution of Indic NLP\n## Milestones and resource creation efforts\n# Challenges for Indic foundation models\n## Structural and sociolinguistic characteristics\n# Indic foundation models and gap analysis\n## Long-standing representation and resource gaps\n# Culture Sensing proposal\n## Equitable performance and cultural meaningfulness","[{\"question\":\"Why is Indic AI described as a “double-edged sword”?\",\"answer\":\"The work argues AI can enable access and inclusion while also risking homogenization of worldviews and exclusion of underrepresented languages and perspectives.\"},{\"question\":\"What linguistic characteristics of Indic languages create challenges for foundation models?\",\"answer\":\"The paper highlights rich morphology, complex scripts and grammar rules, diglossia, and large dialectal variation as factors that complicate modeling and representation.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the proposed research direction “Culture Sensing”?\",\"answer\":\"Culture Sensing re-imagines AI using hermeneutic reasoning to address open problems such as equitable performance across low-resource languages and outputs that are culturally meaningful.\"}]",1784199390,91,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":27},"rethinking-indic-ai-from-a-lens-of-cultural-heritage-preservation","",{"@graph":35,"@context":85},[36,53,68],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/rethinking-indic-ai-from-a-lens-of-cultural-heritage-preservation/84927/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-22","2026-07-16",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"Why 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