[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-599876-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-599876-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","results-from-a-study-on-tablets-and-augmented-reality-to-teach-human-body-systems-to-primary-school-students","Results from a Study on Tablets and Augmented Reality to Teach Human Body Systems to Primary School Students","","The paper reports findings from a study examining whether tablets combined with an augmented reality mobile application improve primary students’ understanding of the respiratory and circulatory systems. Seventy-five sixth-grade students participated and were split into three groups: conventional instruction with a printed handbook, conventional instruction using a constructivist model without technological support, and tablet-based instruction using an augmented version of Bybee’s 5Es model. Data were collected using questionnaires and evaluation sheets, and results showed the tablet group achieved better performance, linked to higher enjoyment, motivation, and positive attitudes toward tablets, followed by discussion of educational implications.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/results-from-a-study-on-tablets-and-augmented-reality-to-teach-human-body-systems-to-primary-school-students/599876/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/results-from-a-study-on-tablets-and-augmented-reality-to-teach-human-body-systems-to-primary-school-students/599876.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"PakDamar76","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What was the study designed to test about tablets in science education?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The study examined whether tablets, paired with a mobile augmented reality application, help students better understand how the respiratory and circulatory systems function.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were the 75 sixth-grade students grouped and taught?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Students were divided into three groups: one used conventional instruction with a printed handbook, a second used a constructivist teaching model without technological enhancement, and a third used tablets and an application based on a modified Bybee’s 5Es model.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What results did the researchers observe across the three groups?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The tablet-based group outperformed the other two groups. The improvements were attributed to students’ enjoyment, motivation, and positive attitudes toward using tablets, and the study discusses further implications.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},599876,1792165625,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090893057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Results from a Study for Teaching Human Body Systems to Primary School Students Using Tablets  \nEmmanuel Fokides and Aikaterini Mastrokoukou  \nUniversity of the Aegean, Greece  \nReceived: 11.10.2017 Accepted: 23.03.2018 Published: 13.04.2018  \nAbstract  \nThe paper presents the results from a study which examined whether tablets together with a mobile application with augmented reality features can help students to better understand the functions of the respiratory and the circulatory system. The target group was 75 sixth-grade primary school students, divided into three groups. The first group was taught conventionally; students studied using a printed handbook. In the second, a constructivist teaching model was used, but the instruction was not technologically enhanced. The third group of students used tablets and an application, and the teaching was based on a slightly modified version of Bybee's 5Es model. All three groups of students worked in pairs, they were taught the same learning material, and the teacher acted as afacilitator of the process. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire and evaluation sheets. Results indicated that students in the third group outperformed students in the other two groups. The results can be attributed to students ' enjoyment, motivation, and positive attitude towards the use of tablets as well as to the teaching method. The study's implications are also discussed.  \nKeywords: Augmented reality; Circulatory system; Mobile applications; Respiratory  \nsystem; Tablet computers  \nIntroduction  \nThe teaching of many courses and in all levels of education changes and adapts according to the prevailing trends and methods. A driving factor for these changes is technology; its impact on education is such, that lead many researchers to believe that it holds, nowadays, a key instructional role. The above also applies to the teaching of science courses. According to a multitude of research projects, to the contemporary learning theories, and to the up-to-date instructional methods, diverse ICT tools have the potential to contribute to the better understanding and visualization of ideas and phenomena, which, in turn, lead to the better understanding of complex scientific concepts.  \nPortable devices, such as smartphones and tablets are among these tools. A significant body of the literature suggested that the integration of portable devices in education brings several benefits to students. Besides the positive learning outcomes (Wilkinson & Barter, 2016), students become actively engaged in the learning process (Mang & Wardley, 2013) and they develop positive attitudes towards learning (Gorhan, Oncu & Senturk 2014) . An impact on their critical thinking and creativity was also reported (Wilkinson & Barter, 2016) . However, others pointed out that the use of portable devices in teaching/learning still has a relatively  \nundeveloped pedagogy and that the matter needs further examination (Haßler, Major, & Hennessy, 2015) .  \nFocusing on the teaching of science courses in primary education, they are regarded as challenging for both teachers and students. Indeed, in many cases, teachers revert to conventional instruction because of the problems they have in understanding a number of subjects (Mueller, Wood, Willoughby, Ross, & Specht, 2008) . Students' science misconceptions are a commonplace and their performance is generally poor (Forsthuber, Motiejunaite, & de Almeida-Coutinho, 2011) . In primary level, many educational systems include modules related to the human anatomy and its organ systems. From the relevant literature, it is evident that students have difficulties in understanding how most of them function, including the respiratory (Mintzes, 1984; Tracana, Varanda, Viveiros, & Carvalho, 2012) and the circulatory system (Allen, 2014; Gatt & Saliba, 2006) . In addition, it seems that students have trouble understanding the relationship between these two systems (Arnaudin & Mintzes, 1985) .  \nT","cbCainb95MYAX7zB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainb95MYAX7zB","pdf",634817,17,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Technology and ICT in education\n## Portable devices and learning outcomes\n## Challenges in primary science teaching\n# The Respiratory and the Circulatory Systems as Teaching/Learning Subjects\n## Curriculum placement by country\n## Student difficulties and misconceptions","[{\"question\":\"What was the study designed to test about tablets in science education?\",\"answer\":\"The study examined whether tablets, paired with a mobile augmented reality application, help students better understand how the respiratory and circulatory systems function.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the 75 sixth-grade students grouped and taught?\",\"answer\":\"Students were divided into three groups: one used conventional instruction with a printed handbook, a second used a constructivist teaching model without technological enhancement, and a third used tablets and an application based on a modified Bybee’s 5Es model.\"},{\"question\":\"What results did the researchers observe across the three groups?\",\"answer\":\"The tablet-based group outperformed the other two groups. The improvements were attributed to students’ enjoyment, motivation, and positive attitudes toward using tablets, and the study discusses further implications.\"}]","Results from a Study on Tablets and Augmented Reality to Teach Human Body Systems to Primary School Students | PDF",1792089606,43]